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习题练习：Physics Unit15: Laws of Thermodynamics
本习题练习试卷来源于51fly国际课程 (https://51fly.win)， 为试卷打印版，您也可以在网站平台(https://mail.51fly.win/)直接 访问本试卷的在线电子版并查看正确答案与解析，搜藏保存任意题目到收藏集。 访问方法: 平台首页左上角"通过试卷号快速访问"输入试卷号 73，并点击直达试卷；或浏览器地址栏内直接输入本试卷链接 https://mail.51fly.win/test73.html  教师使用本平台可以抽题组卷或一键复制他人试卷，布置为在线考试或在线作业，全自动判分成绩一键排序导出，省时省力。
 作者: physics    总分: 71分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 22年08月15日 12:53  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on t2x ta4+lto) +fvhz8o ihe T-V graph is an


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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isothermal process, there is no chsf5a sfkc ,nb2f5lu3wfb49g. ange in

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of s.hh ) xsw/6uvthermodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isothermal process,

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is expanded to twice its original vlib,t29 tu kcd/9 iyyi lj;8t3qt -ec8olume with no change in its temperature. This prokb8ecd2tl9 98yttqy ul-tci;/i,ji 3cess is

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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed e otgk6+bm 8k,isothermally from 30 L to 20 L. During this process, okk8,g+eb 6tm 6.0 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that compressed the gas. What is the change of internal energy for this gas?

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed to one-half its original volum rjn yin9s8sqka* ;19ke during an isothermal process. The final pressure of the ;9qns 9s k*anr1j8kiy gas

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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is expanded isothermallyrwo7lv p- p7nnvh lz5r(*,av9 from 20 L to 30 L. During this process, 6 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that(rohlz9 vpwn 5vrp7al- v7 n,* expanded the gas. Which of the following statements is correct?

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is quickly compress0:nkc.j c*7rvr(tm qi ,v2awyed in an isolated environment. During the event, the gas eyit.0r vm :j*kacrn(w, 2 7cqvxchanged no heat with its surroundings. This process is

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermod 1;c/l rhd6h dwjmx7n3ynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an adiabatic process,

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10#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic ideal gas is compressed to one-half its orf3 k7os,pp1s-p7/qp/sgim rxiginal volume during an adiabatic process.pgr3q1-sko p ,s77 s/ipf p/xm The final pressure of the gas

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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in all respects except that one contai ;pu )agr*ko7nns o u ra)*n7;kpg$O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater temperature increase?

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical (r obrv*85y ,jvh7krain all respects except that one contains, ajhov r5*r(rvkb7y8 $O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater pressure increase?

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV diagr )3g r3k lq:fjvpk7v/yam is an


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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isobaric process ,xayls+vg20p fglj)3 , there is no change in

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermowm9r t9x q9v5+de8yd odynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isobaric process,

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is allowed to expand at constant pressure as heat is added to it. )a /pjej.bs5ouv;9-j9b: 9eelcche v This pro .9evj v5/o h:cu s-epl)9cee9 bjabj;cess is

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to a sample of ideal gas jcd:u f./b vk)at constant pressure. As a result, the internal eneru:j. /cv)d kfbgy of the gas

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the P o-:fued/1csh) tskw( V diagram is


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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, there is no ch a,+ ;flst)s -peqc5feange in

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodyna.l+kjg2 d srkmo a844dmics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isochoric process,

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is confined to a rigid con6.bdr y6ol us(tainer that cannot expand as heat energy is added to it. This process iod (u .rysb66ls

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to a sample of ideal,.fe ,tdrtdsl, nf+5du3ay-x gas at constant volume. d f5ddfsartlnx.+3 , t u-ye,,As a result, the internal energy of the gas

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23#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first law of thermodync72t/kl1 ;;t fm,9wik su,pkzdyn i-mamics.
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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a hot reservoir to awnptn pcf3mf-+.(.av cold reservoir?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat f7als ol(eo m6zx27 :glrom a cold reservoir to a hot reservoir?

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26#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second law of thermodynamics accobmun zzlli.u5g r:*:*t)a7gqrding to Clausius.
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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is taken through the cycle illusr7wuoef uthec i k4m.8k)3 o4,trated here. During one cycle, how much work is du h43cuo .4k we,)fior87mtkeone by an engine operating on this cycle?


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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a heat engine is defined as-i q8ufayl34l the ratio of

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the theoretical efficiency of a Carnoee,t scqv:wet( btis5l80o/ rf) qs16t engine is to be 100%, the heat sink must b0 tft)tq8c6 e5l rwbs,sqv/s:( o iee1e

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A Carnot cycle consists uby; 08cuc9u6* qjc4 kph zu9gmp9,mqof

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31#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give the Kelvin-Planck statement of the second lav1n,wnn: tx t,w of thermodynamics.
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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a refrigerator is defined as the r;pdj;x v egeqc7-hyiny(m. 6 ;atio o gn6.;yqi; hxdj; yv-emc(p7e f

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a heat pump is defined as t a+r (9w mekc.-gdqz-jhe ratio of

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When water freezes, the entropy of the was cwugb;e +zh+ -nag ;zmn,u,+ter

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  According to the second law of thermodynamics, for any processi7g qpvu.,-dj9 vgk lzm5 a.;s that may occur within an isolated system, which ; 57,j.laudzvkp vsim- g.g9qone of the choices applies?

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36#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give a general statement of the se 2q.s0y1d :c**v hlpccops g9tk5a8zrcond law of thermodynamics.
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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The second law of thermodynamics leads us to conclude j4i5pzn 0a5ynthat

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is removed.)kll h,ni *;pc5j gto from an ideal gas. What is thetl,i)l*n ko5;p hcj g. change in internal energy?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal proceii.s h;d2ydh; ss, 5.0 J of heat is removed from an ideal gas. What d2y;ihh; d is.is the work done in the process?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The work done on an ideal tty h) m -8/:lrifg8y qkf18z(toqjb2 gas system in an isothermal process is -400 J. What is the change in infj t z2/-hfql8tig m1ty( q8ryko)b8:ternal energy?

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  200 J of work is done in compressing a gas adiabatically. nk 3 8* mthjl2r49-jfhq7ils5d/oizoWhat is the change in internal energy of the g8 9ithm2r oij4k f d s5n*l3lojz7-/hqas?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas undergoes an adiabatic process while doing 25 J of workzlp( o qglq3i3 b+c6a3.unti- . What is the change in interp(il6u3a n glioq bt +33zcq-.nal energy?

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal eny5b e 1f-.hxzrergy of a system decreases by 50 J. What ifyxh z5.1eb-r s the work done?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energy of a system dec c2(2ybxa0phrreases by 50 J. What rp 22yh(0cbax is the heat exchange?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A certain amount of a monatomic gas is maintained at cc7dra/ +dju trs0(p) constant volume as it is cooled by 50 K. This feat is accomplishrta/7)jc+p(d r u c0sded by removing 400 J of energy from the gas. How much work is done by the gas?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic gas is cooled by 50 K at constant volume when 831 J of epy pkqa*, qs j-+,wt3dnergy is removed aqpt dj +*wp ykq,,s-3from it. How many moles of gas are in the sample?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A system consists of 3.0 kg of wat04v5rwn sb7bthi ; op8er at $80 ^{\circ}C$. 30 J of work is done on the system by stirring with a paddle wheel, while 66 J of heat is removed. What is the change in internal energy of the system?

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine receives 7000 J of heat and loses 3000 J in each cycle. Wm.1ywp:lhpo1 fpn(e bfu+tcgk)9- -p hat is the efficio.u 9p1cyef btp1f-pn-mg wphkl):+(ency?

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an eff+ej:et, iw593muqlbuwmx / z7iciency of 35.0% and receives 150 J of heat per cycle. How much work does it perform in each cycle?umi,uw+5 e9 /m 3zet7:qjxlwb

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and receives-*g(wtt6 , wc0 tgqe9p2ibior 150 J of heat per cycle. How much heat does w qwtt* rgpgi260 o9et(,c- ibit exhaust in each cycle?

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51#
 
  303

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cycle and exhauy0 bzd), rfttzv(+iq 3sts 42 kcal. Calculate the zqryz0, t)t (b+fi3 dvefficiency of each cycle.

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cycle and exhausts 42 kca3ys*:h(0o r* wphppsb i. ,jotl. Calculate the work o3b (pos*pt:hhwj., pi 0rs*ydone each cycle.

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the followigbi/ 0oekwl; kbv4-idx7 p;in a;v kou20/f*m ng characteristics: c mil;i-u /;*0pe/ona7wvg bvk2k4ofbd0i xk ; ombustion chamber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the actual efficiency of this engine?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so fadp3rs9tim,);51 msbh kfzqk5r has the following characteristics: combustion chamber tempe,dk tr1himb k)9;3qpmf5 5z ssrature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the Carnot efficiency of this engine?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the *;i wast0p7mamv:l0g following characteristics: combustion 0aw;lpis0*mg7: vat mchamber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the power output, in hp, of this engine?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant gehhk 62/sgx 5+ bud,m:r; zomeenerates 600 MW of electric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the overall efficiency of the plant for generating electric power?

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electr knb2gi-h*49f 4 e:sisj)lbpuic power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the Carnot efficiency?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power. The plant usefc+09paref3 fh ry. f+s $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. How much thermal energy is exhausted each day?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the Carnot efficiency of an engine which operates bet 8ljal+ mm;7n76 qm9 rlye75gux0lbfwween $450 ^{\circ}K$ and $310 ^{\circ}K$?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the maximum theoretical efficiency possib+axed(w zp r5;le for an engine operating betweenxp5 w+a r(dez; $100 ^{\circ}C$ and $400 ^{\circ}C$?

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62#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a Carnot .r(mjbm7v+r90v:izwdjs o 1sx(b8 c m engine is 35.0%. What is the temperature of the cold reservoir if the temperature of the hot reserv91m:wj(sj+(r7 vr ms odm 0b.z vi8cxboir is $500 ^{\circ}K$?

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63#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine operating betweil2ndl o.u)u 8pg3/ qren $40 ^{\circ}C$ and $380 ^{\circ}C$ has an efficiency 60% of that of a Carnot engine operating between the same temperatures. If the engine absorbs heat at a rate of 60 kW, at what rate does it exhaust heat?

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64#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator remov d)wrut,u/v9x es heat from the freezing compartment at the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycle. How much work is required in each cu vtrdux), 9/wycle?

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65#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing compartment a;o+jo () c ug pcz-5mt68u2luzc5 gaqxt the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycle. Wpt2c ;x- cga5uzoqu8 65)ju+ozmgl (chat is the coefficient of performance?

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66#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During each cycle of operatid kfb8)ukp*0non, a refrigerator absorbs 230 J of heat from the freezer and expels 356 J of heat to the room. How much work input is requiredd)0*f8 upbnk k in each cycle?

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67#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the change in entropy when 50 g of ice melt aqod+m wg5y yf,:i4 7mat $0 ^{\circ}C$?

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68#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When 0.50 kg of ice freeze(h hwerw3a zgc/,m5 o0x,16v zucfx4 ps, the change in entropy is

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69#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  1.0 kg of steam at $100 ^{\circ}C$ condenses to water at $100 ^{\circ}C$. What is the change in entropy in the process?

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本习题练习题目来源于51fly国际课程 (https://51fly.win)，学生可刷题练习，扫右侧二维码或加微信xxxxxxxxxx，获取更多资料
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70#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A container of ideal gas at STP undergoe zo k22w4zop1jv2; ijri1l(dss an isothermal expansion and its entropy chan2s2wd4vp o1zjlrk(2 i;z1 joiges by
3.7 J/e K. How much work does it do?

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71#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A piece of metal at gyzg,m; h./p**57ce zclkbzs 2a bm/e $80 ^{\circ}C$ is placed in 1.2 L of water at $72 ^{\circ}C$. The system is thermally isolated and reaches a final temperature of $75 ^{\circ}C$. Estimate the approximate change in entropy for this process.

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