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习题练习：Physics Unit15: Laws of Thermodynamics
本习题练习试卷来源于51fly国际课程 (https://51fly.win)， 为试卷打印版，您也可以在网站平台(https://mail.51fly.win/)直接 访问本试卷的在线电子版并查看正确答案与解析，搜藏保存任意题目到收藏集。 访问方法: 平台首页左上角"通过试卷号快速访问"输入试卷号 73，并点击直达试卷；或浏览器地址栏内直接输入本试卷链接 https://mail.51fly.win/test73.html  教师使用本平台可以抽题组卷或一键复制他人试卷，布置为在线考试或在线作业，全自动判分成绩一键排序导出，省时省力。
 作者: physics    总分: 71分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 22年08月15日 12:53  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the .0)thv7fc wo 2gd xxu* ;ev2qzT-V graph is an


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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isothermal process, thersdmhgbmn 0( 4-e is no change in

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of therzn5)eb ,: jqlb(zae3l lf;wa+modynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isothermal process,

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is expanded to twice its original volume with no change in its c3y + ygtj(si78gf l9 7nhv,iztemperature. This py j,73 8f(hnvgicsl 7t9 +yzgirocess is

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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed isothermallf, /h h lbtht*jcz9q)/y from 30 L to 20 L. During this process, 6.0 J of energy is expt/h*/t h l, b9)hjqzcfended by the external mechanism that compressed the gas. What is the change of internal energy for this gas?

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed to one-ha.a0(kt* -j2rjk hc gvn/g ig9plf its original volume during an isothermal process. The final pres(0g 9h kan-gi*vrtcj2jgk/p. sure of the gas

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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is expanded isotheryh;z8mkk .9m qdj7zn .,nqrk- mally from 20 L to 30 L. During this process, 6 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that ,nm jq7r8 qym;-khdz..znkk 9 expanded the gas. Which of the following statements is correct?

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is quickly compressed in an isolated environment. During the event, tvd hrv9zlrc n0jtm-s./zu 8( 1he gas exchanged no heat with its surroundings. This process-c0r(vnm .ztj9ds8zu1hr /lv is

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynak6ra s-stkrs,x 911hai3ia :hmics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an adiabatic process,

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10#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic ideal gas is compressed to one-hal96 lkoe5r:u ali,/jihf its original volume during an adiabatic process. The finall e9/ihr iuok,l:6a 5j pressure of the gas

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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in all respects except that one n o-g1r/*- omo6dj7jy:akqwl contains *k6lag7jo nr o:1 w-d/oq-yjm$O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater temperature increase?

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in all respects exce q e3p6o09jj(t *6uq-lt ubxsgpt that one containsob *l(tjeujg3 0q6 9txu-sp6 q $O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater pressure increase?

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV denr jag60xjft-2c-cn zd 2(.piagram is an


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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isobaric process, there is no chan,;vq ix)o3du:yh w+fda5 l. vjge in

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamicd ir.r-d4pcc9-m .nya9 r2ad g-qeuf4s, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isobaric process,

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is allowed to expand at 1mvruzm u647 cconstant pressure as heat is added to it. This process ism67 4 vmruz1uc

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferre9o*,db s7; i u .jij(oaagg:kqd to a sample of ideal gas at constant pressure. As a result, the internal energy of thdsg (9; o.q:7ai*ig o,bajj kue gas

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on k2s:e1s;wjq8 i 0 oqeothe PV diagram is


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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, there is no+;8wlf z kiw5y change in

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermjg,f-qs:ff5 ez91w u5 h/r*; txzuuu sodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isochoric process,

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is confined to a rigid container thctqoi 6o n-oui*id9+d48iyw/at cannot expand as heat energy is added to it. This i+-nio6/dtii4wu9d*qy 8 coo process is

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat en zcyrzcl; 4,o+ergy are transferred to a sample of ideal gas at constant volume. As a result, the ioyzrccz;4,l +nternal energy of the gas

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23#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first law of thermodynampyjqx)8d) l 1mics.
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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a hot reservoir to a cold reservoin-ismxy65vlt-( wh1k r?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a cold reservod.5gv-vn 848u( (pvm ezaw)zu5zel owir to a hot reservoir?

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26#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second law of e4 brk 6/k+ b) bweyop5w/or/3mbi0gre5dt7a thermodynamics according to Clausius.
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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is taken through the cycle illustrated here. During one cycle, how mu*;e cs 8v 0uj ne)c9vfo7u9 0sbqa;puwch work is done by an e) ; u 0sbv99fuu7pecjqe0*s8nw ;ova cngine operating on this cycle?


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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a heat engine is defined as 6at. + iq-nxtnthe ratio of

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the theoretical efficiency of a cxxcb cis21+w/q88nc:d l.p1ve q ga,Carnot engine is to be 100%, the heat sink must bbxcx+ dcec v.c aq8/ 1w8lpsqn1 :gi,2e

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A Carnot cycle consists3ls32 y5cs gda of

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31#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give the Kelvin-Planck3jmry18m ; j7e -ze0o 8s xet,npil+np statement of the second law of thermodynamics.
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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a refrigerator is defined as tqpuucm1 ;8yc c )frr4fq 50p01. yaeyche ratio ofuc5y .fcr)p 1 y840c1eruyqc; fpa 0mq

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance so a 4dlb9z)7v +1hl2kn:e(re( hxbnl(COP) of a heat pump is defined as the ratio of

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When water freezes, the e wlh1,zl9imo-k(i/o+ax)ptx 7cfs f1ntropy of the water

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  According to the second law of thermodkq;y l4svp 3m6ynamics, for any process that may occur within an isolated system, which one of the choiclq;34m s6 pkvyes applies?

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36#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give a general statement of tg k zg2v9)oz5lhe second law of thermodynamics.
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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The second law of thermodynamiss 9 k 9s/o4btvvr(,nycs leads us to conclude that

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal procel 658bra5a3kif +u;fmnoaf n+ ss, 5.0 J of heat is removed from an ideal gas. What is the +358;o faf6kam+li5uf bnrna change in internal energy?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is remove cla6ie)1e p9m ijtu98d from an ideal gas. What is the work done 1 e9ipt6iua e9jclm8 )in the process?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The work done on an ideal gas system in an isothermal process ij6/b* bcrco;xs -400 J. What is the change in internal/ b;ob 6cx*jrc energy?

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  200 J of work is done in compressing a gas adiabat:z8dp ps 4hl h)l7j*wyically. What is the change in internal energy of the gasj p):ph*zw47lhd y 8sl?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas undergoes an adiabatic process while doing 2en6sm,hgm +5g5 J of work. What is the change in internal +s g6hmn,g5me energy?

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the interna5 6hmqpq s /;dze*+*it 3hglekl energy of a system decreases by 50 J. What is the work6+sg5k;zdmh* q*h/el 3 teiqp done?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energy of a sys+:9c/,nuvla vm1rs7mvn wo i/tem decreases by 50 J. What is m,sluna+ : 9nc vim/ v1/or7vwthe heat exchange?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A certain amount of a monatomic gas is maintained at constant volume as it is colup/9 wr4e/h joled by 50 K. This feat is accomplished by removing 400 J of energy from the gas. How much work is done by the gasu/pw9e/rl jh4?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic gas is cooled by 50 K at consr kt2 pchbbmzvf09,)0tant volume when 831 J of energy is removed from br0,0h9vk ztfcbmp) 2 it. How many moles of gas are in the sample?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A system consists of 3.0 kg of wzwbu8 02huqdfd21nw6 ater at $80 ^{\circ}C$. 30 J of work is done on the system by stirring with a paddle wheel, while 66 J of heat is removed. What is the change in internal energy of the system?

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine receives 7000 J of heat and loses 3000 J in each cycle.y 1vemg :6zo)qh.qu d,n6f pc5v-i*,diio2xa What is th62dy5vu ve*,pn,g6o i. i d a)ixqcqof- 1mzh:e efficiency?

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and receives 150 J of,w4d5r m gc8qt heat per cycle. How much 54rt,qcd8wg mwork does it perform in each cycle?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35t7 ;q eajq-tu1.0% and receives 150 J of heat per cycle. How uq7; 1e-tatqj much heat does it exhaust in each cycle?

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51#
 
  303

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cycle and exhaustsq (6:w v7zo:;hds ypgg 42 kcal. Calculatpvg g7syh;zw ::6 (dqoe the efficiency of each cycle.

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cycle and exhausts 42 kcal. 80cfw io(o1 t n- ejxpzk7w;)eCalculat p0k-o)(zi;e1jwfo t8w7cex ne the work done each cycle.

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the following characteristi)vmy eilf)p2 -a w*be0:tc2otcs: com v*2obp0lfc- :y 2)etemt)aiwbustion chamber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the actual efficiency of this engine?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has thpo evy un0g326.nj4 uve following characteristics: combustion chamber temperagv3642oeyun np 0uv. jture = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the Carnot efficiency of this engine?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the following charactkb5 uxfo 8f:d4wzbk usnwv :ht87672beristics: combustion chamber tempf2 o nubu8s7tw:5:x wbvhf8d7bzk6k4 erature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the power output, in hp, of this engine?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power. cg 09cn4qw p.rThe plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the overall efficiency of the plant for generating electric power?

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 60nal *ervf:x1 n;7 m7yu0 MW of electric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the Carnot efficiency?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric7cr(ayv; znkk60- l eg power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. How much thermal energy is exhausted each day?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the Carnot ewq.jhhmz t8 /8fficiency of an engine which operates between $450 ^{\circ}K$ and $310 ^{\circ}K$?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the maximum theoretical efficiency possiblehmam :ek 8c-5g for an engine operating between hmag8- cm5 :ke$100 ^{\circ}C$ and $400 ^{\circ}C$?

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62#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a Carnot engine is 35.0%. What is the temperature of the cold9-s 2l zunnnz/ reservoir if the temperature of t9n2 -lzn/zsu nhe hot reservoir is $500 ^{\circ}K$?

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63#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine operating between *u7n1fv*sygx $40 ^{\circ}C$ and $380 ^{\circ}C$ has an efficiency 60% of that of a Carnot engine operating between the same temperatures. If the engine absorbs heat at a rate of 60 kW, at what rate does it exhaust heat?

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64#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the ;:o8cb.2b r kfs cc8ubfreezing compartment at the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycle. Hcc2rfbk cbou8:s8;.bow much work is required in each cycle?

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65#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing compartment at the rate of 20 0 n 2pz/r y*d)vrlk)ttd 6e:nmkJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycle. What is the 2 nl:*ydtm/0ver k)n6 trz )pdcoefficient of performance?

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66#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During each cycle of operation, a refrigerator absorbs 230 J of 4dak)3 gv ;3vhe (nxvyheat from the freezer and expels 356 J of heat ) 4x33nadkhevv(gyv;to the room. How much work input is required in each cycle?

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67#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the change in entropy when 50 g of ice melt a31e7 2v9dti*n vca shnt $0 ^{\circ}C$?

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68#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When 0.50 kg of ice freet 3+e*a9;exlez vmw+b zes, the change in entropy is

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69#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  1.0 kg of steam at $100 ^{\circ}C$ condenses to water at $100 ^{\circ}C$. What is the change in entropy in the process?

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70#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A container of ideal gas at STPea yvf9ktf514c/e9o w undergoes an isothermal expansion and its entropy ch o/ kce4evfa tf15y9w9anges by
3.7 J/e K. How much work does it do?

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71#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A piece of metal at b,xeq37o gg oxbb;..relwgx67 p+f.l$80 ^{\circ}C$ is placed in 1.2 L of water at $72 ^{\circ}C$. The system is thermally isolated and reaches a final temperature of $75 ^{\circ}C$. Estimate the approximate change in entropy for this process.

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