The three common phases of wp,ux. 8jgs(oreu. )0*x a iaamatter are

  Density is

  Substance A has a dens x grk3fh ;q5n94/hjelity of $3.0 \; g/cm^{3}$ and substance B has a density of $4.0 \; g/cm^{3}$. In order to obtain equal masses of these two substances, the ratio of the volume of A to the volume of B will be equal to

  Pressure is

  Which of the followinf3b6l 45d9 cu pdxduazxn sswn*)59n5g is not a unit of pressure?

  Consider three drinking glasses. All three have t,dr)8lms;+ g yhu1dbr he same area base, and all three are filled to the same depth with water. Glass A ibdlrs) rud +yg ,8;mh1s cylindrical. Glass B is wider at the top than at the bottom, and so holds more water than A. Glass C is narrower at the top than at the bottom, and so holds less water than A. Which glass has the greatest liquid pressure at the bottom?

  What is the difference between 3i/dnd06yh l sthe pressures inside and outside a tire called?

  When atmospheric pressure changes, what happens t;3il zz 55kmrdny orzkat5x-+wh s6.-o the absolute pressure at the dznyh-m3z6l5k s 5-ik+r wa.tzxor5;bottom of a pool?

  You are originally 1.0 m beneath the surface of a pool. If you dft1tpq*m27t c ive to 2.0 m beneath the st2ctt* 71fpmqurface, what happens to the absolute pressure on you?

State Pascal's princ:(7tuofw dyled6 cyrpof93- 0iple.

State Archimedes' prjgrs m-wz/c z+c*84xt)kvu1bepgs (:inciple.

  $50 \; cm^{3}$ of wood is floating on water, and $50 \; cm^{3}$ of iron is totally submerged. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  As a rock sinks deeper and deeper into water of constant density, what happens b0 c b4a qbicrr6y84-jto the buo b4c 8a6i40bc by-qrjryant force on it?

  Salt water has greater density than fresh wateniv;g 7h+b 4nqjpbb o 2g.c 8bqw7+4izr. A boat floats in both fresh water an778jicbq. +w ng4hp iob; bq vz4+2gnbd in salt water. Where is the buoyant force greater on the boat?

  Salt water is more dense than f+zrt pprq)05q5j9qmt v:fa0 j resh water. A ship floats in both fresh water and salt water0r+v 9q5 5trftjj:p)p0qmz qa. Compared to the fresh water, the volume of water displaced in the salt water is

  A steel ball sinks in water but e+ slbc r/0,jejf r1+6vyfv,n floats in a pool of mercury. Where is the buoyant f,nbf l10r js/vrc,+y+ evjf6 eorce on the ball greater?

  A 10-kg piece of aluminum l,hhcd1-l7pg p v2f-a sits at the bottom of a lake, right next to a 10-kg piec1 hdl-- h2g afpv7pc,le of lead. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  A piece of iron rests on top of a piecen3q..k;xzrl clkd1b1 of wood floating in a bathtub. If the iron is removed from the wood, what happens to the w3..1 lbzcndl k;rqxk 1ater level in the tub?

  A piece of wood is floating in a bathtub. A second piece of wood sitx,.kk(ep l t;ss on top of the first piece, and does not touch the water. If the top piece is taken off and placed in the wat lk.k;xs ,ept(er, what happens to the water level in the tub?

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of wu8u:w7,6f dkag.-mbwr h (:lubgn 7lthe pipe at point B is larger than at point A. Where isabug. 7nu lmlf:w67:u bd-r8w (k,hwg the speed of the water greater?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe. If the pipe wicfj+;t3y0gzod ,qomjf1 9 d.zdens to twice its oro c+ qzf;tg1 z ,jfdyd.9jm30oiginal radius, what is the flow speed in the wider section?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a ho-8trs fuv1gy. rizontal pipe. If the pipe narrows to half its originuvt1 y.s 8grf-al radius, what is the flow speed in the narrower section?

State Bernoulli's pratq:z0hcbouim z/2l92f 1sbrp0u.6 z inciple.

  Which one of the following is associated with the law of co kfvrfq9lx8mc s;w.; :7nj(gx nservation of energy in fluids; r(l 9x.s8ffqnvjxcmw:7kg;?

  As the speed of a moving f-l epmzsuc8y6+v((a mluid increases, the pressure in the fluid

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of the pipe at point B is larger thaml.f 3f itoub3c 6*y/on at poinl.y3t6f/*f b3m u cioot A. Where is the water pressure greatest?

  When you blow some axi (;a04y voh2dh som0ir above a paper strip, the paper rises. This is because

  A sky diver falls through the air at 1gvngng 38 ivsxkt )cz .28xy/terminal velocity. The force of air resistan ys8 xxg8 c i21nnt)vg3k./zgvce on him is

  Two Styrofoam balls, of /je *2h)h(qrlewxn 2fradii R and 2R, are released simultaneously from a tall tower. Which will reach thxql* nhh f2j( /w)2eree ground first?

  When a small spherical rock of radius r falls through water, it experiences a g ) k-y ithphu: )wbsts;b*8 zq/g5*asdrag s * / *) 8:yt)gh ;sqghtbk5wbiz-puasforce $F=arv$, where $v$ is its velocity and $a$ is a constant proportional to the viscosity of water. From this, one can deduce that if a rock of diameter 2.0 mm falls with terminal velocity, $v$, then a rock of diameter 4.0 mm will fall with terminal velocity .

  Which has the greatest effect on the flow of fluiafgu wwe*w1:fd4cu*hp*k -k3d through a narrow pipe? That is, if you *3-*wcukg4afu*p w1 kdw h:fe made a 10% change in each of the quantities below, which would cause the greatest change in the flow rate?

  Two horizontal pipes are the same length, but pipe B has twice thai4-,;kv6if h* tc( ps 8mjpuse diameter of pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths*4 ik8 pushmtcifas;, (6vp-j of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe A is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe B?

  Two horizontal pipes have the same diameter, but pipe B is twice as tcml9m zm (,gyzo2.t-long as pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths o-2 .tz tolgmym,z9( mcf the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe B is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe A?

  When soup gets cold, ijjoxs:0t 3n u;t often tastes greasy. This "greasy" taste seems to be associated with oil spreading out all over the surface of the soup, instead of stayinou3:j j;n0stxg in little globules. To us "physikers", this is readily explained in terms of

  When a tube of diameter d ih 6/z15/guevk /;jvj m j0gyces placed in water, the water rises to a height h. If the diameter were half as gc5hjmgku ev;e/ /gvj1 60y/j zreat, how high would the water rise?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are sufficiently lightweight that th8t9; zl/rozzr ey can run on;9lzor/t8 z rz top of water without breaking the surface tension. Water bug A has weight W. Water bug B is twice as big as bug A, in all dimensions. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the weight of bug B?

  Certain insects, such as the f3(6f -gli-it sw4ccywater bug, are sufficiently lightweight that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. This is possible because the water, due to surface tension, exerts an upward force on the bottom of the bug's feet. Suppose that the maximum possible upward force on the feet of water bug A is F. Now suppose that water bug B is twice as big as bug A in every dimension. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the maximum upward force iffc4-c63 gy tilws- (on the feet of bug B?

  A plastic block of dimensions 2.00 cm x 3.00 cm x 4.0vb 6 ye(pz:2wm0 cm has a mass of 30.0 g. What is ite:6p2m(zbv yws density?

  A liquid has a specific gravity of 0.357.+u+ iruabww */ What is its density?

  A brick weighs 50.0 N, and measures 30.0 cm x 10.0 cm x 4.00 cm. What lbp / yoapz5dryad gds74/ +5vk+wy+ zb5/d)ois the maximum pressure it can exert on a horizonta a+ 5wzdy/obk4 /p yz+vdbrd lyo7d/gp5a5+s)l surface?

  A person weighing 900 N is standing gsd9( p+ ap li; 9nwqho* /5kzhq;+wvvon snowshoes. Each snowshoe has area $2500 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure on the snow?

  How much pressure (absolute) musz-k1evvr g8odl7* w )ft a submarine withstand at a depth of 120.0 m in the ocean? dferv1 v-gzw)lo87*k

  A circular window of 30 cm diameter in a submarine can withstand a maximum forculpgz z, l*/;rtc. h*7em4tl-mw li+ee of *m.ulrmzie;-w4czp l*lgtel+ /7,h t$5.20 \times 10^{5} \; N$. What is the maximum depth in a lake to which the submarine can go without damaging the window?

  What is the gauge pressure ifb 0p30t2mtv wk the absolute pressure is 300 kPa?

  What is the gauge pressure at a location 15.0 m below the surfag ;;hkp lih8ao ;xh-0lce of sea? (The density l;-a0kl8i;h g p ox;hhof seawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  What is the absolute pressurkp g7t3ap3;r 1y (hbkae at a location 15.0 m below the surface of sea? (The density of seawk ;3g pary3 7bth(ap1kater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  A 500-N weight sits on the small piston of a hydraulic machine. The small pis qb k,40)yntxbton has a x,0kbntqb)4 yrea $2.0 \; cm^{2}$. If the large piston has area $40 \; cm^{2}$, how much weight can the large piston support?

  In a hydraulic garage lift, the small piston has a radius of :ms5o c :.(dbiwp9awq5.0 cm and the large pis:9wis.obm dwq:c (pa5ton has a radius of 15 cm. What force must be applied on the small piston in order to lift a car weighing 20,000 N on the large piston?

  A 13,000 N vehicle is to be lifted by a 25 cm diameter hydraulic piston. b :wl0 swm)v- 7isbq2q What force needs to be applied to a 5.0 cm diame2qv- lss wb0qbm:7)witer piston to accomplish this?

  The small piston of a hydraulic liftc+6shvl .2fpr has a diameter of 8.0 cm, and its large piston has a diameter of 40 cm. The lihp6.l +f2svrc ft raises a load of 15,000 N.
(a) Determine the force that must be applied to the small piston    $N$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the pressure applied to the fluid in the lift    $\times 10^5 \; Pa$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A block of metal weighs 40 N in air and b01llbk gl-4m 30 N in water. What is the buoyant forcel 40llkbmb g1- of the water?

  An object has a volum; 3f1gb9yv 8kzh6j(re7,7vlpiaox s we of $4.0 \; m^{3}$ and weighs 40,000 N. What will its weight be in water?

  A 4.00-kg cylinder of solid iron is supported by a string while submv.qty d808kk lerged in water. What is the tension in the string? (The sp 80v ky8q.dltkecific gravity of iron is 7.86.)

  If the density of goly:v8mn1 oi ip8d )-1ob k8enbjd is $19.3 \times 10^3 kg/m^{3}$, what buoyant force does a 0.60-kg gold crown experience when it is immersed in water?

  A crane lifts a steel submari-ayl;n)8,o/ t9v 1lzr s5ghrxla5p rpne (density = $7.8 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$) of mass 20,000 kg. What is the tension in the lifting cable (1) when the submarine is submerged, and (2) when it is entirely out of the water?

  An object weighs 7.84 N when it is inzpwpwc rn ,e4ut-*xw4,e :c-lwi fr:3 air and 6.86 N when it is immersed in water. What is the specific gravity of twz-tcw: ie,r:-pw4w3 u*4r n,xlfcephe object?

  A container of water is placed on a scale, and the s/ duj ,-36adfuc*mog (bwrz 6tcale reads 120 g. Now a 20-g piece of copper (specific gravity = 8.9) is suspended from a thread and lowered into the watedot *3jagf6 mu,- br w(/c6zdur, not touching
the bottom of the container. What will the scale now read?

  A piece of aluminum with a 6tnp *.rdz5.d+c *n :sk n8nwwpyw)yh mass of 1.0 kg and density of $2700 \; kg/m^{3}$ is suspended from a string and then completely immersed in a container of water. The density of water is $1000 \; kg/m^{3}$.
(a) Determine the volume of the piece of aluminum    $\times 10^{-4} \; m^3$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the tension in the string after the metal is immersed in the container of water $N$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A cylindrical rod of length 12 cm and diameterf9q9s259gc teb h fmp ,:pmvw+ 2.0 cm will just barely float in water. What is impc9fqv9gp htf,9s5: b2+we mts mass?

  A rectangular box of4orlext/3 (wt3d6 i vr negligible mass measures 5.0 m long, 1.0 m wide, and 0.50 m high. How many kilograr4633letr d( w/ xitvoms of mass can be loaded onto the box before it sinks in a lake?

  A $1.0 m^{3}$ object floats in water with 20% of it above the waterline. What does the object weigh out of the water?

  An object floats with 6 hs.gq2kwx-ump z62l half its volume beneath the surface of the water. The weight of the displaced water is 2000 N. What is the weight of the objewk-6lxs 2u2.pzh6m gq ct?

  A solid object floatsc3l/dzm )bs x0 in water with three-fourths of its volume beneath the surface. What bx)/szm 0l3dcis the object's density?

  A 200-N object floats with three-fourth2al5m1v n0ka cs of its volume beneath the surface of the water. What is the buoyant force on the 1a avn02lmc5kobject?

  A polar bear of mass 200 kg stands on an ice floe 100 cm thick. What isaq-mih0f/ yx) the minimum area of the floe that will just support theqh -a x0fy)i/m bear in saltwater of specific gravity 1.03? The specific gravity of ice is 0.98.

  Liquid flows through a pipe of diameter 3.0 cm at2qoy5eul d2o8 ek4u b* d6i/wy 2.0 m/s. Find the flow rate.

  Liquid flows through a30o1ra *c gdnk 4.0 cm diameter pipe at 1.0 m/s. There is a 2.0 cm diameter restriction in the line. What 30*n1c grkdoa is the velocity in this restriction?

  Water flows at 12 m/s in a horvrm:/)zm p 52 ,wpaarmizontal pipe with a pressure of $3.0 \times 10^4 \; N/m^2$. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the pressure in the wider section?

  How much pressure does it take*;oc knc bc.sx6l3:is for a pump to supply a drinking fountain with 300 kPa, if the fountain is 3;kisl oc6 ns:xb3cc.*0.0 m above the pump?

  A hole of radius 1.0 mm occurs in the bottom of a water storage tano j*qc7uh)q9s k that holds water at a depth of 15 m. At what rate will water flow out ofhqu*q9) o7jsc the hole?

  Water flows through a horizoquxdbt+ 8f/+:wyb3vs ntal pipe of cross-sectional area $10.0 \; cm^{2}$ at a pressure of 0.250 atm. The flow rate is $1.00 \times 10^{-3} \; m^{3}/s$. At a valve, the effective cross-sectional area of the pipe is reduced to $5.00 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure at the valve?

  SAE No. 10 oil has a viscosity of 0.20 Pa-s. How long would it take to p.o/v(zsx. 6remb srb+ our 4.0 L of oil through a funnelxb. (b6zre+s o./vrsm with a neck 15 cm long and 2.0 cm in diameter? Assume the surface of the oil is kept 6 cm above the top of the neck, and neglect any drag effects due to the upper part of the funnel.

  Suppose that the build-up of fatty tissue on the wall of an arter4.:fjwjl0jem7 kq o )p+glv (fy decreased the radius by 10%. By how much would the pressure provided by the heart have to be increalpoq.+: v4 emj0kwlfjg) j7 f(sed to maintain a constant blood flow?

  Two narrow tubes are placed in a pan o;m8tgqmw72 3b*ek ad cf water. Tube A has twice the diameter of tube B. If water rises 24 cm in t*3a egb7qk;2 8wctmdm ube A, how high will it rise in tube B?

  The surface tension of water is 0.0pdya2 , d,qj;g73 N/m. How high will water rise in a capillary tube of diamed,aj p,yd2;gqter 1.2 mm?

  232

  To what height would water at 0 degree Celsius rise in a glass capillary tubek3: :z0si8ztg w9y. qjfyy x9x with a d: gki x9tyfz 3x:.y8yjz0s q9wiameter of
0.50 mm?

  A narrow tube is placed vertically in a pan of water, and the water r-5 dbqcyau*ta08k/zb ises in the tube to 4.0 cm above the level of the pan. The surface tension in the liquid is lowerecu5-k8z/qa 0bdya*b t d to one-half its original value by the addition of some soap. What happens to the height of the liquid column in the tube?

  Consider a rectangular frame ou 14eynzcn d6y uhrwk2*0uiwop:/3e 1 f length 0.120 m and width 0.600 m with a soap film formed within its confined area. If the surface tension of soapy water is 0.0260 N/m, how much force does the soap film exert onu : chiyd42 keze1unowp1/yw0r n6u3* the 0.600 m side?

  An adjustable rectangular frame has lengtxve 5qxft) g0yqet(r5 pg( m70h 12 cm and width 5 cm, and is built in such a way that one of the longer sides can be moved without bursting the soap film contained in the frame. Soapy water has surface tension 0.026 N/m. How much work is requfe)txg50yr qv0g (eqmtpx7 (5ired to move the adjustable long side so that the frame is 12 cm square?