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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity

 作者: physics   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no windows, y6 h8m-oyp8 adradios, or other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stoppa-o myyd p6h88ed or moving at constant velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment was de . +c0 sj kzlm//vyjlp-vh(7zesigned to measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concl1zirmha k,..w2f3 hwwuded from the results of their experiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer youc;n f9. p3rytbrself if you use the following components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity priaz.j3wnt* k6o nciple.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assa 4 v,z90+sbwqkabjf 0umptions of Galilean-Newtonian relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special relativ5ykxcf(e +-kl sx6 ;x,)bpzmw ity

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating zwv lqm1o4hay+*5 t6hi o-w5lthe special theory of relativity was that the laws of physics are the saml izamw-hovl +*owy1565hq4te in reference frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate of speciai 17, m*9pxo+pqv jdy.ktg2wrl relativity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulazg g b++; fn87h dnfyg7x,y7sfte of special relativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate while in a spaceship moving away fro5ip,gtyp 7ah:x lfg9nt3zz)6m the Sun at a speed close t9 zih,l3ngtzf5 t76)pp aygx:o the speed of light, you would find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary (l/rkvo6fjyzylntysd6b+k b* ;n1+;observer, a moving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is defined as*ydpcj4utvzbsf 5qb6 u +7nn 3(u ti)9 $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ra9rm g4 ./+z(a krd;yy m1yeahide in a space ship traveling at a very high speed to a distant star andyeg9d ay4k;(+1 z hra/.mrmya back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a movi8st eo/g3f :a od;daxuih(+: qng object

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to itson rdl/ 24:nw;r0iiaf+( nnvo length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The width of this object, asri(anrlo+;:wd /0i 2onn nf 4v measured by a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length hstj2z3xqz3r6z c9. t with a velocity that approachzs tz26 tqr93cz .x3jhes the velocity of light. The length of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, tej 3x 49ysk uhqq5n,7zhe mass of the partic4nqjk 79zsh,uyx5eq 3le

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed ofn h,o bqcul5; /vs;pqo(aby4 3 light, the momentum of the partic/bhqn qoup lvb5s43o(ya ;,c;le

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high speed. As it passes, you measur 19 i 9dw;8eudov:e2baaptwe) e its length at one-hal ade92w b9 tv:8o;ie1)dewpuaf its normal length. From this measurement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a speedy proton xxr o/g:.dr*e mil.* uwhen its relativistic mass m r..rg* /* eo:dxlixudoubles?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic energy of a speedy proton when ;3i4 87alz+se fnpxzuits relativisti aux7sl fizen+p43z;8c mass doubles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle 6qfd+gq4 p6sa:7tbxiof mass $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, p3/g .wx pzht(each traveling at 0.50c in a straight line. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What hwptp ( 3/.xzgdo they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depends on the observer's frame of referencekr lzzgt78+mgy5ui.oh5 1102h 0qwt *eiqvms?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceship increases, you would obsx7 roj s(2h (v76cuq(vyp ckc1erve

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in si *ho u5jq(vq 1t5v+,ncxwi+ltill water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upsq,lq 1+5 vwu*hnj5i+ tcoi(vxtream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to thee, o6 inkful19 shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstrinle 9fk6,uo 1eam?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed,sh;) b0a-dhj s relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight across the a)hbh0 s-sjd; river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is to be obsb5lr4jj54 g1q/r 8zemk x311mcuj dg cerved by a stationary obse43c/rjem1 5c1u xdrg4zm8 ljgb51qjkrver as running at one-half its normal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journeau a;0m.rb0wjy to a planet and returns in 10 hours according ajb. armu; w00to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initially 10 ye32 n8y95gmtx0x apuvf ars old. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away fr nfx9map85yt gvu30x2 om Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space trip wi)-k* 0m v, g1zsycl, epflp5dbth a speed of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spacem l1lf dcv0)py5,bep, -zgs*kship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you s-x j32urikxmnqc4;; with a speed of 0.80c. What is its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to contract to half of its proper l xvaj,+x3 s qtlw-+zb y7w4;goengtoj-s lvxb+4a qx3wz wy7;+, gth (as observed by a stationary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at rest. If the 1/bqz: gbrzb 5spaceship travels by you with a speed of 0.70c, what length does it bbz1/5qb g r:zappear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 45kqd561xz cbq7* bbjr.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distbq65q5 7d ckjrbxz*b1 ance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, p b33b. l8o5cnofzos2which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star on8b f2335zsol.c opb. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 7kh;y gj-oso/xflgv,m yb 76(4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time woubg7mxv yo6y-gh,o7f j;lsk(/ ld elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c.0-m0kl /z mk3rzxxs(j What is its mass? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if its mass is twh 1*c/jkcv(y l t5v1q9ov q-uyice its rest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 1purtc8j5 1aee4;l jv c, then your mass will increa1cl5et; 4apu8evj 1j rse by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum 6d)f89p w a6hs j:/mrc9hjjxcin $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an:fi 2fl*.md 9-mk49jfr3slsba po jf 6 element loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg of materi: zvmq(owg57kal was lost during a reactiozq o7( mkg:w5vn?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalstlbdwvbpy1k .s(p 3yj 9( 68pent to two kilogram of mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki in mvw eb+( 8o:fvgmj( )/zdj xc-1945 killed 140,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took plaz( mvdvjeg(f8 -jw):/ +cmx obce? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its tohw 6x l7j:u1kptal energy. What is the speed of the protph1kl:7j xu w6on?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of itsbx,- ygxz16is total energy. What is the momentum ix szbi 6,gy-x1n $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released ;b+ +qhq1ewpb9 o6qrf(in MeV) during a reaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost duriny1ski) cqhs 11g a reaction in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an electron moving with a speed of 0.95c 2jx 2t6bfjqr6hs3ecjc1i : t ud5k5x,?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are remtkfk p7oh 9k0wa6ihmel.ng.xe(9 64;sh. wg quired to accelerate one kilogram of mass from rest4 w.n0.sm7ek khtpe6k9 g( hm f;wox.9lhagi6 to a velocity of 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, xo6)e :ih)+mypy7m/f fn)yuu$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated through7-u d7wew w-kbst om5. 100 kV. By what factor has its mass increased with respect to its rmowebt7dw-ws .5u k-7est mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from theo.bm in ntk k r z68o.:6z/g/i;hpgg4m Sun at 0.95c. You measure the speed of ihmg g8p/4n.t obrzknz.g/6i; om :6k light from the Sun to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through sxjg; sw+8ry h3 *nvecwvzc.0 q7is47wpace at 0.60 c relative to the Earth. If th;es0ny3r7c j +c* 7whxqvi84.wzswvge ships are headed directly toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a sp24dq.g 78whvoxeu-ez;hj) 8edh sod6 eed of 0.80c. How fast would light travel from thvx dheu-w e)g2 hdoes8jo qh6;.8 dz47e headlights of the ship relative to a stationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed obs*bh8eom 5keil r)5 u2 x50gff 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the mi55bkf) rex0moh*sb 2 5uile8gssile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away froqs wwq88e(lp3m the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on thw(p3qqw 8s le8e Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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