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习题练习：Physics Unit15: Laws of Thermodynamics
本习题练习试卷来源于51fly国际课程 (https://51fly.win)， 为试卷打印版，您也可以在网站平台(https://mail.51fly.win/)直接 访问本试卷的在线电子版并查看正确答案与解析，搜藏保存任意题目到收藏集。 访问方法: 平台首页左上角"通过试卷号快速访问"输入试卷号 73，并点击直达试卷；或浏览器地址栏内直接输入本试卷链接 https://mail.51fly.win/test73.html  教师使用本平台可以抽题组卷或一键复制他人试卷，布置为在线考试或在线作业，全自动判分成绩一键排序导出，省时省力。
 作者: physics    总分: 71分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 22年08月15日 12:53  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the T-Vm6ywj,s,/k,*,,hpzaud ym,jo aa h . d graph is an


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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isothermal process, there is no chane122 phx.2jmhg ysae /ge in

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of the 0d2 qt3teitqu0t) u2zrmodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isothermal process,

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is expanded to twice iq0 raczx8,f. fts original volume with no change in its temperature. This proafrf ,c0 xq8.zcess is

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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed isothermally from 30 L to 20 L. Dx qzr,bc;j6 f1uring this process, 6.0 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that compressedjz q61 ,b;fcxr the gas. What is the change of internal energy for this gas?

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed to one-half its original volume during an isothljiyxe 9gxb5-k; (pz)ooy6y5v 9ero6ermal process. The fina kxo o-eo5(i59zpb)jy;ye6 9 v6lyrg xl pressure of the gas

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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is expanded isothermally from-h vy t8y)dwu, 20 L to 30 L. During this process, 6 J dvt 8yh, wu)-yof energy is expended by the external mechanism that expanded the gas. Which of the following statements is correct?

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is quickly compressed in an isolatx x8j 41mzcn a2/:mfqved environment. During the event, the gas exchanged no 8fq aznmmvx j42: x1/cheat with its surroundings. This process is

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynami rks)+. ihedpyezn7v, c,4sw7 cs, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an adiabatic process,

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10#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic ideal gas is compressed to one-half its origiekm*w 1p)q ,qhnal volume during an adiabatic process. The final pressure *whmeq,pk q1)of the gas

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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinder or0mioe+4g n dko d ;7wv)8x/z(td0kws of gas identical in all respects except that one contains kk0i8o )7zo4v(;0/+w mwo terdx ndgd$O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater temperature increase?

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas e)k 3r,hx. dhfidentical in all respects except that one containsrkhd, 3xfe .)h $O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater pressure increase?

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on th2k e/bmc2epkm z lkujv :5b8 kbiw3c::r95b( ue PV diagram is an


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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isobaric process, there is no chordf- do7,u, ze s0 /avcwo4:kange in

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of the: 8g bkk29fjtzrmodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isobaric process,

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is allowed to expand at chq 4u0*oj la*9 nad4ononstant pressure as heat is added to it. This proc* d4ha 9lau04jo*n onqess is

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat enn kwg93 de14+aebl6 ezergy are transferred to a sample of ideal gas at constant pressure. As a result, the internal energy of thee94d6zgwne1+k3a lbe gas

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV diagram is i)d8js) u-va;ao/c js


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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, there is no ij1ohkmx f*4nl+/ hl: change in

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodyna :tcy*3 up s(2 n3q.gqxxk0hdcmics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isochoric process,

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is confined to a rigid container that cannot expand as heat energ( p7cvhe/7fbp( d+2j7j fxypey is added to i7p2 vp(e7p+/c fbhje dxf (yj7t. This process is

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to a sampln)sk+v l6i *tne of ideal gas at constant volume. As a result, the internal e)nns+il* tk 6vnergy of the gas

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23#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first law of thermodynam rso/ lv/wj9uy):yc/ 9q0rrmsics.
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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from as bf .o9x od4pj7/tu)n0vjq(z hot reservoir to a cold reservoir?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfa /d7ucpy),jclai,,fer heat from a cold reservoir to a hot reservoir?

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26#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second law of thermodynamics according to Clau/eg5xg*k5*+fluw f ud*edcp :sius.
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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is taken through the cycle illustrated here. During one cycle, h 7.8ms z+fjt:m/d8as7idouma ow much work is done by an engmjd/us:+d a7.7mtz88f s a mioine operating on this cycle?


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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a heatc 2ibizt*k.e,t*o 1 nlrb-c/s engine is defined as the ratio of

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the theoretical efficiency of a Carn5fo w*:diji6 nc.0q eoot engine is to be 100%, the heat sink must do:5ei. f6* qjinw0 ocbe

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A Carnot cycle consis:(bhy6)g9 fv sdop hh7c(my:fts of

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31#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give the Kelvin-Planck s m +n )v:m26wl,v9kuupz9 cpgstatement of the second law of thermodynamics.
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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a refrigerator isr pb:vhgc c mq(36ca6p(4l3c h defined as the ratio ofam (4c3grh3pc6h(q lcp c: b6v

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a heat pump is definffj(c; a+2qqc3bxm 6qed as the ratio of

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When water freezes, the entropy of 7o8m/)pkp eay the water

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  According to the second law of thermodynamics, for any prf; bw o+e 2zy -jz2pb76ama3dfocess that may occur within an isolated system, which one of the choicefwbz2om2 6z yeb-jf3dp; +7aa s applies?

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36#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give a general statement of the second law of t d p6xdb ha g,p3s914wwzcd;l:hermodynamics.
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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The second law of th k iz;q /ii*fpya,uze yc57h./ermodynamics leads us to conclude that

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J or hica c5irb4s2nuk8pgg x: 0*rn.7e,f heat is removed from an ideal gas. What is the change isphi7:,5 a*cnrbcg8 0n. i xruekr24gn internal energy?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is removed 6 rr an,.m fd4p8i*+r 4thlbf);p jsstfrom an ideal gas. What is the wo4p j pi.+4 s;)b*rmrlrnh6a8tfds t, frk done in the process?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The work done on an ideal gas system in an isothermal process bjw; to-g+y+pis -400 J. What is the change in internal energ+o;j pb t+-wygy?

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  200 J of work is done in compressing a gas adiabatically. What is the che ajn) r 2nfdcb;a8qi:67 f duhxnr,:2ange in internal enfed)h6r;ndu2 jn8,2axb7::n afq ricergy of the gas?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas undergoes an adiabatic process while doing 24g7w; gj frpg25 J of work. What is the change in internw 4;gf7g2rp jgal energy?

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energy of a systemu dx3asj.g4a8 decreases by 50 J. What is the wo.834 gadjsx aurk done?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energy of9 4jsvgt q6n0 xggro;:ck5;9yv fzfs: a system decreases by 50 J. What ;vgx9 t: 5vfq4yc0grn zf; 6s:gkj9osis the heat exchange?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A certain amount of a monatomic gas is maintained at constant volume as /*zj7nitc h:uit is cooled by 50 K. This feat is accomplished by removing 400 J of energy from the gas. H tui n/:hc*7zjow much work is done by the gas?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic gas is cooled by 50 K at cogey nh4r3npbi x ; .s,2 t6rvtxh6.zd,nstant volume when 831 J of energy is removed from it. How many molesz.n ,.gbt6ht 2pnxh;6se ,xi 3r4 dvyr of gas are in the sample?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A system consists of 3.0fc/ i 3yb:t*e.lsk 7ph kg of water at $80 ^{\circ}C$. 30 J of work is done on the system by stirring with a paddle wheel, while 66 J of heat is removed. What is the change in internal energy of the system?

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine receives 7000 J of heat and ro kh810ca03w4 i i*tfzcx 3ajz 4,ldbloses 3000 J in each cycle. What is th4ctc 0id0 3ajlbxfo4krz z w*i83,ha1e efficiency?

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% andtt-7+py nxlrz /g0f: 4rvxni, receives 150 J of heat per cycle. How much work does it perform40 zt-rrn t ipyx vg/xn,lf:7+ in each cycle?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and receives 1/sgni)y6m xb zsr89w450 J of heat per cycle. How much heat does it exhaw b r)/ ssgn6xmyz48i9ust in each cycle?

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51#
 
  303

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cycle y xx9gs5s* uh-tdsd:)kmttmp 6 49- vvand exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate the efficiency m9td4puv9 ssxht5y :k m s)v*--xd6t gof each cycle.

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cyc dpbsf5czle ) b81j1/nit0 c r2bi;gk(le and exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate thefb(c l0c;r8btp ibjd2gs/nei)5 z 11k work done each cycle.

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficu: q(f qxha5d4ient engines built so far has the following characteristics: combustion chamber temperatqfh(qu:x 4ad5ure = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the actual efficiency of this engine?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so f3)8h1ti )le5bf )q u+ukporf nar has the following characteristics: combustionhlq3+i reuk o))8f nf ptbu)15 chamber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the Carnot efficiency of this engine?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engine, 2fz( +yqttlis built so far has the following characteristics: combustion chamber temperaqz+t2f (t iy,lture = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the power output, in hp, of this engine?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power. The plant us-c8tj 61r,hm/ jfmnt3 mxo9ekes $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the overall efficiency of the plant for generating electric power?

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power. The mt2led+za: w+ c t*my-ky:ns1 oeynyo+ .*td+plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the Carnot efficiency?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power. Te2sx /g*:bcf kj ;jlh.he plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. How much thermal energy is exhausted each day?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the Carnot efficiency of an engine which operatesoj6)i qh-s t;jirp+/m1 q6ue e 4l2mud between $450 ^{\circ}K$ and $310 ^{\circ}K$?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the maximum theoretical efficiency possible f pxoqol;g;0i/vh sv p9ty n.6-or an engine operating between o6v0/yoql ppn ;;st.h-vxi9 g$100 ^{\circ}C$ and $400 ^{\circ}C$?

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62#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a Carnot engine is 35.0%. What is tfjughr 0:2qa 8he temperature of the cold resehg8q r2:aj0f urvoir if the temperature of the hot reservoir is $500 ^{\circ}K$?

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63#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine operating between242frpsx b rh3 $40 ^{\circ}C$ and $380 ^{\circ}C$ has an efficiency 60% of that of a Carnot engine operating between the same temperatures. If the engine absorbs heat at a rate of 60 kW, at what rate does it exhaust heat?

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64#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing compartmeneyd(h zig 8(sl0k(z)o t at the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycle. How much work is requdihzk0 o()8(yl ezs( gired in each cycle?

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65#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing compoo9csf3k289 n3nxlqf artment at the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycle. What is the coefficient of performance9fnqcf3s l2k x3o8n9o?

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66#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During each cycle of operation, a refrigerator absorbs 230 J o+g e5a;st5 g4i3q juhydbo, 2zf heat from the freezer a4s;5e+dtg zai,3uob h q2gj5ynd expels 356 J of heat to the room. How much work input is required in each cycle?

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67#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the change in euarkl 4pguyv:/p382 f ntropy when 50 g of ice melt at $0 ^{\circ}C$?

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68#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When 0.50 kg of ice freezes, tax nqa6( n-ux7)-wi1qsf hm f)he change in entropy is

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69#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  1.0 kg of steam at $100 ^{\circ}C$ condenses to water at $100 ^{\circ}C$. What is the change in entropy in the process?

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70#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A container of ideal gas at STP m,y u:d)hu3a oiw1ir dv no2/8undergoes an isothermal expansion and its entropyim, n2/:idowy3ao1uvd) h8ur changes by
3.7 J/e K. How much work does it do?

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71#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A piece of metal at kjwm hf9 zd4p)(/fb;t;c a3t3t yhm d.$80 ^{\circ}C$ is placed in 1.2 L of water at $72 ^{\circ}C$. The system is thermally isolated and reaches a final temperature of $75 ^{\circ}C$. Estimate the approximate change in entropy for this process.

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