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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity

 作者: physics   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no windows, radioskd5) /ve ynjghovjx8e9 id1rus ,k:1/, or other means for you to observe or measurhdkv5ory: s,/11) i 9v uxe/gjj8knde e what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley,1 ntlu*3qm lja4gjb 2 experiment was designed to measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the results of 6b9k3voyp 8a5c 516oep if tmftheir experiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferoz.m- fkjbu 7b3b-dqzoy;22ly gt)4 kcmeter yourself if you use the following components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity princir qdw;m)s6j f7ple.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assumptions of Galilean-r9g 3 e)x:ozd dhqr:8z up7.utNewtonian relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special relp69(-yu /oxegbx.s l cy/v3jj ativity

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating thex ixy6n08byf5 special theory of relativity was that the laws of physics are the samyyb i n8f60xx5e in reference frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulatx 0irxkzj2px;+72*g ocf-k q/ncv7e de of special relativity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second post7fp4uh i9k. a9s,wtpod,x.na ulate of special relativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate while in a spaceship moving aw ltq 45(6lt *jusdl,mhay from the Sun at a speed close slttq,ld*6hl4 m5( ujto the speed of light, you would find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a +qpch+fco:1o(dvo28 7hxf uw moving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is defined a1bt7alb(8ao ps $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a spy 5pdq9ylj2 mq2j c f*v1 k0u(emfg*p(ace ship traveling at a very high speed to a distant star an 2m*yvm(pqcjfj0fe(2*u9y5 d pql k1g d back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observef31i2732. p6xmd trshaet 9ccai5b eg r, a moving object

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel toj fw2zt vr: gfww:6ai3w3;g,n its length with a velocity that approaches the v a3nv; gwr 62 t3fw,wgz:w:ijfelocity of light. The width of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to itbso.ni1 /2bfq j* -dgos length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The length of g2 *f.oq/ bb1jns i-dothis object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches thezhm-)sw+ vcs 0 speed of light, the mass of the partic whz+)vcms s0-le

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the moe :ss xk/*is*fmentum of the par*:sif k/sx*es ticle

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at,/u1:lz2)eb rs:g0wx / * xcfsajgyxl a very high speed. As it passes, you measure its length at one-half its normal length. 1 ssxx *g,a/x)0f:jl: c2/zrglyewbu From this measurement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a speedy proton when its relativz 4l f+2q:qdfiistic mass dd2qf +4lqf:izoubles?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic energy of a spe b b+*rqsgy37ukys06v edy proton when its relativistic mass doubler+6y30b*sg7q y ukvbss?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle oydi/i1t+ktrl z:f; 0bf mass $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at*0/,vhrl o27af x8ohlxp ;uxu 0.50c in a straight line. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each s,uvf8;u o 0x7phhlarlo2 */xx hip measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following dependq rc*mo,dc:4m s on the observer's frame of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spa61kd il d(zs6qceship increases, you would observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to the sho) v lzysjhq/f/e, k.m /go7u7zre, does it mz. qg7o7/hm e) ksy,ujf l/v/zove in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed,1xfvdoz b(ghtc05t *d78n4v t relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if tcbn40*th 8t7 v fzdvx5o1gt( dhe boat is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relato 6;s dj1fw/qk f0q3ocive to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s/fw ;0qos1dokf3jc q 6 if the boat is heading straight across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a movin- 9twgziw4u p7g clock travel if it is to be observed by a stationary observer as running at one-halfuwi74t-w z 9gp its normal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a planet and returns in 10 hours f+fm 1f3s vdj,according tovj3 1 mfdfs+f, a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtneya0 :dmikrtv id9gjz;b/631qf , are initially 10 years old. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five ye m0 z36trb;f1/dj:vqai9ikgd ars (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space trip with a speed of 0.80c for 30 yr,9u le tf7+je+/no w6oa y5ykears according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, uooy/7j6t k+n,95r alewye +f what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a speed of 0.80c. What is f+x tn.fi6b(*:tgwcc its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket s ;dprgrq.oei(o5 f9mjo(vis w8(w/f .hip have to move to contract to half of its proper length (a jw;ewvf o(5rfso8(9../ir o(ig dmp qs observed by a stationary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10zn42wod2 q2a;xm3ksv.+qo xr m when it is at rest. If the spaceship travels by you with a speed of kxwma.4+;z2ds2 rq2qx o n3 vo0.70c, what length does it appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is h pna3:l-bs .d1d0uery v)o6s4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship trav31n:-rvuyeb ad.0hs6p sol ) del according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Adpdu13/pcztv01x.rrp/5zh(e*b x yslpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth td0d( v*b1zcs ep 5zh.r3yxprp/ut/ x1ravels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alph iey0p0z1n-q )s su7m6 kxttd(a Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toik 7es6p n(dq xzt)1ymt0-s u0ward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What is its mh ivb-628*ybt ghojr 8ass? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if its mass is twice its reqc2g9p3(v hal, jr7m )gdlva )st mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes from 0.3 ctke+i d3gzur ; e7y)wdknc:e gj)a0*7 to 0.6 c, then your mass will 3 d*;k a r7y :7ckt+ deg))ujigen0wezincrease by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum in )zt b u. k+co98.bjsnm$kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an elemengz1k7 u:(x(8cznul x7zl9kr bt loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg of mateqklc; u-e7 mi(rial was lost during a reaction?e7 qclim uk(-;

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalent to two kilogram of mass w 4mt6;bh; o wk -ez1z29sfattat rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was droppc;s:r)pd 3tynst-z7fed on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when)ry-z37fsp ncs:dt ;t this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 8qzzy 7 /hn3d6u0% of its total energy. What is the speed of zdu nh 7z6y3q/the proton?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. What is the moment4q6 hz /ym0bvhum0yvb4m6 hh/q z in $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in mb;2x:.iedg p( tmsb: k3g*dpjt -m.xMeV) during a reaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost :os n8*:jz2l ldj-klb ll -wqdwb0p+ 1during a reaction in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an/vc,i p1tilmurj u462 electron moving with a speed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required to accelerate one kilogram of 1qzawtp0 z.j -mass from rest to a velocity - aj .1twqzpz0of 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, 2 i6 xx8u:rv2dkns ;6rwff5py$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated through dk+o-jrg v11z100 kV. By what factor has its mass increased with respect to its rekd- v1zg1o+rjst mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun at 00m;9bk+du )zhh4 kmgsr8u *dc.95c. You measure the speed ofg rs 4dz9*uuh k8+c;km)md0hb light from the Sun to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space at 0.60 c relaj6)wsd87wy,u 4,zeszw gvn( ns)a g ,ative to the Earth. If the ships are headed directly toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a person on eithw)j,)ny 4 gd,,s8(6eu wgaszvws7zn aer craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed of 0.80c. How fast wls*3rxdxnl(v pb/ z .5ould light travel from the headlights of the ship relative to a stationary obser(lvsxzr 5l /d*pb3 x.nver?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth wip ywg,r 0;ju3dth a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Eupw ,3gjd;0 yrarth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of t.h7jjegc- 0g 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile iect-j ggj0h.7 s fired toward the Earth?

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