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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity

 作者: physics   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no windows, radios, or other me/9yuv(.yqy psz0y1sn g vom ;.ans for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship i1 n/;qz sgp.9yosv( .yuy mv0ys stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment was designed to v u; :e3xgl,ndet04ly measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded frombu5yw 8:orju -95bj9 wg rk2jk the results of their experiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if you use the foll p 1hxp6ycww04owing components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity principle k0)0 7x5 iekg4nkupv/(lokk h.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assumptions of Galilean-Newtoni;m .r6tvabnex9aebio ,q3e j2;in5d .an relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special r06hdryac(8dr) qm*xkzf 1 /qz elativity

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating the special thentdbz0.q (by,ory of relativity was that the laws of physics are the same in(bb., tzyqn d0 reference frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulatevzwq3 x 9 v hwmfr+ 3s7jrokh*4x0 ml,ltq.4q- of special relativity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulate ofxwb 38x3s hxi.a ndqag)/nxvg,*s h ;2 special relativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse e;g i+st-gk -e2-y*itjbg 2 hg ui9s3frate while in a spaceship moving away from the Sun at a speed close to the speed of light, you would find that +hu;*y-kgt3t-iisie egfj2 2 bg sg9- it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a movinus3:+x ub:t4ru u/j beg clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is definf +i k1dtf .0cv5h4q/ld0r oxfed as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship traveling at z,.d q:s tb :d)fi/uwf1zdps7a very high speed to a distant star and back again, while the other twin res7q1.fusfw)d , dzt p/dz ::bimains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationarobd-u 6m 3nl d2f44f0ds 7amqvy observer, a moving object

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to7n 4i+f(ilezm its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The width of this object, as lf7inmzie+(4 measured by a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a velocity tha vjzlv;b 59,wh; jrybh,t+ lz0t approaches the velocity of light. The length of this object, as measzl h;hbvb0 yj z+, ,lv5tr;wj9ured by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the mass of the part(l6(g 1esbz8 qxsz be),h*zyhic qz,h*ez g hzyss(bxb)e(8l61le

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the sk nqf(*pm o1q2peed of light, the momentum of the partic2f (p1m *knoqqle

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high 01(ka k/ 7jg/td o:raiim: 5ddahrz .yspeed. As it passes, you measure its length at one-half its normal length. Fr5h/ddk ri7a /z(om0:ky.ar1 d:agi jtom this measurement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy 948vs itfh n3urc y8-h;mwas ,of a speedy proton when its relativistic mass docvin my49r-h ah88, uw3fst;s ubles?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total reum)l ,aga9lw.lativistic energy of a speedy proton when its relativistic wl u l9ga,.ma)mass doubles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle of7t ax50 ssxh8u mass $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0.50c in a straight lx)o8 gj cccmos9vfh9-qw66 )e*hd- uhine. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship meash -co9 ov9q8fsg h)c) jxw66- hc*meudure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depends on the observer's fc f bpbxold- ngp-/.;*rame of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceship increases, you would ocp)pm+o8s.0 /kimeya bserve

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, rela/pseuvirj iu8+ r k9/p/p+2r gtive to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s+es pjuu rkrpr8p i/v2g/i+/9 if the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in bj:v7 eejxn55587sipsvhd) vstill water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0: 7vb55h8)sv 5n dsxpve7jiej m/s if the boat is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. 1 : lp 8wnxn:rbyw2gp/ablx68 With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is wbpa6l188 2lp:rynw: xb/nxg flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it if*2z 73tyqlo - mefqo8s to be observed by a stationary observer as running at one-half its normtmqqz-ffo*e23lo7 8yal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a plafkjs ntnc*m 7z k7p3ni50l7.lnet and returns in 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapspnkn77cnf .j*kml7 it3 sz l05ed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are i,h(cd9zxghm.6d/) k1x t vm7k ygk.i unitially 10 years old. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0 tg)ck1 .g6.7/yzkhm( mx, uv d9xhikd.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space trip with a speed of * kj obqn:8k0i0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning tojoi qk8:bk0n * the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a speed of 0.80c. What is its lengthn:/1t,*k opy n,vrw ax?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to contract to half of its 6yqv naeku7fgpc*e./7wp- , v proper length (as observed by a stationarpf pvg6, uk-7w qeevc*ya7/n.y object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at rei1rm4wpo1 b 5li/f6 lt 8nzdt3st. If the spaceship travels by you with a speed of 0.70c, what length does itn51m1wozdtlp/ 3 6 bifl8 irt4 appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar systkk6rodbl:d l;r qo 4fsg+s,7e6 dd/e-em is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star.fdo:d7o ,-+ebs;4/ rkg l6kldqrde6s What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light yeard1 w akgtw il39uw+,9bs away.9u9l1k3gi b+td wwa w, A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system i*l dygg- 6 b yxqgcd-:cf:u),ns Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much timucxd*nlf -g)c g :6y-dqb,g: ye would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling a5,cq4-tqkjq8hs 6net 2 :q2u,gthqm i t 0.85c. What is its mass? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if its mas 1nkkh/e que86 1xhv1cs is twice its rest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c6- anns.mbxvwy-lzd5bcj2 4 0, then your mass will ynz-d0js v-b 2bncml4. x5aw6increase by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum in m1mleu7.p77tt2cl n4 ndfnmai)cy ;7 $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, andvoc/tq0j.zz pgt.h t h*,: xgem*i)3 element loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be r*k5eh0w d qm5 )yep:p3s y(pxzeleased if 2.0 kg of material was lost during a reacti*e )pmphwdy :530 y5ks(zexqp on?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy e:az -grp wh/cg2 sl4 x7r-uj5vquivalent to two kilogram of mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagxi)fcyrf- bln l1)n99asaki in 1945 killed 140,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1) i)y19nblxlnc f-f r9000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. What iswyfji v-(j6u*6 7s htclq53y g the speed of thwvh( s -5t6 g36fc yqil7yju*je proton?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total.k e(ca2cf c)qye: w00fmxanh;pc89j energy. What is the momentum c q2f; jxk:cc0(p e e8 9n.yfmawc0)hain $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeV) during a reaction in wh x9ih; :0+jc(41dhi5 xwem aakuxp w2hich $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost du.**y3. onwc h1fnl/gy qjqu)/imc4m tring a reaction in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an el hh;:b,yi nrd6ectron moving with a speed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required to accelerate one kilogram of mass from r-3wozoy*f m2yest to a velocity wy32f- *oozym of 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, oz7 ngp(e9w yx3bi +-f mv7,wb$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated thp4f-cf zmqbbg ih: 0g,a-m,*crough 100 kV. By what factor has its mass increased with respect to its rest maszpmb*af0cf :4g ,gchi-q, -mb s?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from t 5sw88:6 olnuk7y-ga an0itfehe Sun at 0.95c. You measure the speed of ligh :egl865 uy o0 watif87-ksnnat from the Sun to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space at:1rdvj3hs2dy:k;wi8 wh e w*s 0.60 c relative to the Earth. If the ships are headed direc*: ydews8:sw dw;hhji1vk 3r2 tly toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed of 0;x,-nrqga.2nshyh-5q p8cal .80c. How fast would light travel from the headlights of the ship relative to a st.a2hhycqn-srq5apxn8,; -l g ationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed o:un4d6iccv fn6vs6ib1y b n2 4f 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative tdvn6fc2yivbn4 1i:s6 b6 ucn 4o the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceshipuko(b .2; nkvn then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile ib;nn2 v ukko(.s fired toward the Earth?

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