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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity

 作者: physics   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a : +-zl- of.mgus/bzmzspaceship that has no windows, radios, or other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to detsz/-lgm+f-:muzzb o . ermine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment was designfbcxzs 4 6g99fed to measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the results of their experiment tq y2rz-0hhalcz.7 6qahat

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if you use the following comp1t+2s ta*m;w alxos,honents:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity principle.er ytt (e5zfm o435a5n
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assumptions of Galilc*9l1n tgq zmlo/+6eo7 b0ffdean-Newtonian relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special relativ*;xg nerd.n w0ity

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in for 5r2 ,9mjymb5lwhmbx6 mulating the special theory of relativity was that the laws of physics are the same in re w5r,jbm59ylmh m6x2b ference frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate w(vkkdii3n0k/. sjb) of special relativity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulate ov kmgnczkim,d-u, *3;**rmh ff special relativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate while infr3 56 u4bdksn a spaceship moving away from the Sun at a speed close to the speed of light, you w4n 5f6k3r usbdould find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a moving c,yiqmu qqo9f)* 65qyblock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is defined as m.8 (qre:iwa f$\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a rwkf rfunt+rb-3+q ;; 24h. g*bivziimide in a space ship traveling at a very high speed to a n;ri+23iuqkf-wh; fb+*4 mbz.vri gt distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a moving objecoe d/ 7 3lit8ihlq1p+o l5fo+ujz;o( st

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallelixk1k fq;zh st.0n ixx t+mbcn.-p h.2.. r:hu to its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The width of this objecs.zk-:.h;t.unknxx. hxf 1t+r20 p mc.iqibht, as measured by a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a vre 0hsh)9lrhjo6ix l9v-e y65 viu7z3elocity that approaches the velocity of light. The length of this object, as measured 0)5i-hv3uzylx9 l e9v e7s6hr ho 6rjiby a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the massima 7c4 )q*sbe of the particle 7*b qmi4sc)ea

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches t,idd. lzkxt-f v: bhnh3 m+p-,he speed of light, the momentum of the particltkhh l +,nbvmdi.-f, 3 xzd:p-e

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at ns duu:t/)x k9ly.c r(:sjo+da very high speed. As it passes, you measure its le :l) n(dryt uxudocs /:.k+9sjngth at one-half its normal length. From this measurement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic en:cin v0pg+ bt2pa1,fg ergy of a speedy proton when its relativistic mass doublcngp b:g +ap1f0 2,tives?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total rela8r 55u/y(p yy zyjmhwx,t68prtivistic energy of a speedy proton when its relativistic masz8jyw 5t,yr58(py/mxupy 6r hs doubles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle of masw1.ljmds7+6jxgc6 bs:*gn nw s $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0.5rx,2ppk*u 1 yt(gh3 dy0c in a straight line. Ship A is movrh(3txg2 yp*k,pu d1ying directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depends on the o;wh d nv:rpczu80 9vno-pr, 1pbserver's frame of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceship increases, yo* i hjx/;hmjg2u would observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to the sholouv :acy 7f74re, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s uy 7lfav74:co if the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With wha7 ltuf(yi5cn 0t speed, relative to the shore, does it move in alf ut(5iny 7c0 river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what spee 9x eibmp4 2sdqev1sc+2-8tgk d, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straighe2qt vpe m 41xg98dkssic2b+-t across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is to a.m4 nm7x,apq(zh 9 pnbe observed by a stationary observer as running at one-haxp7,a(.m4hzpqna n 9mlf its normal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop hiil8lvb4* g+journey to a planet and returns in 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has 4igb 8ill+h *velapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initially 10 years old. While Courtnew ;,9xm/ -rilsykx5ig u i9kdit+xm7.y remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speeykkix-ux mli;.xgirmd 9i 7 ,5+w/ ts9d of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a spavsep w ch8n zr1.+ l-9:90j j01mhblrvqovu/rce trip with a speed of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clocklvevlvc -rhqnp.j0 z/9 w +or 8b1m0 9uj1s:rh on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a speed of 0.80c. What is its length?(4tmhpe 3 4xqb

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to contract to halxjh*g /rc/xuv(nwp wsrvt6- )(6 xy2rf of its proper lengtuw (/vj pvwr6c6srn -t(*hx r y2xx)/gh (as observed by a stationary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 1emq) nr gnt /u.,x;dyd(y s)-b0 m when it is at rest. If the spaceship travels by you t/ )yry,g( e-; .uxqs)dnmdnbwith a speed of 0.70c, what length does it appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 ligcl/9ul/ uhoqo7p:h c) ht years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the sph7qlcoupcuo :/9 /)hl ace ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauriu x;)l0rj0uax, which is 4.30 light years away. A spacesxr0;0)uau ljxhip with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 lidg3 iqc: wqs bv.j9nys+-9h3oght years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Eartho ind-w. g3jcq s+s3v99qb :yh travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What is its mass? (z:o k *6lb c:ezeh;c q3huklyp82*(wzThe rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton5szqbzprek,/5rpzo l) ed2 4,oi+ma4 dhw/e8 if its mass is twice its rest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes b*wl6 t(oq2q efrom 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your mass will increase by q 2lw*q6obte(

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum in 5t3 bsw fp9qtca) 35uolt q7v;0eo2tk$kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an elemcbh0zir j4t z6k -)dem +wn+s+ent loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg of material fk86n:g zep rg:(izc0was lost during a reactioncri z( pg8fgen::0k6z ?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalent to two kilogram of mass at rest56q j3dvrvn0v/ u5d(15,ysyf kwlbtb is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 people, herk2 tb qm-:r2xlping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosiveb-tqm 22xrk r:. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a protow 2n,)uel2 hrzn is 80% of its total energy. What is the speed of the proh 2u,lzwen)2 rton?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. Whal8vf,r.lu):q z-7/ bna*fw v2oaizomt is the momentum inzzwqa:.2, fo /vnr7l) fb-8iuva *oml $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeV) during a reaction in whirf/chew1k- 6x1ogz 9sy-/bgn s*a+dh ch $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost during a rea2v+udm q8f azeu9v9d, ction in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an electoz p3pte9z,i -ron moving with a speed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required ff9(nnur 4m(okq 44jx:ja 7jc to accelerate one kilogram of mass from rest to a velocity of 0af cjn4 ok q(94 j(7:fu4rxnjm.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, 3f fyoqmf m6j v2xp.nqhuqh4 k)/+ 82o$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. B0p 2 yne3*fzwky what factor has its mass increased with respect to its rest mass?wk 3znp*0f 2ey

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket rilct7 sj3g* bg0 6dimb)b 4k.traveling away from the Sun at 0.95c. You measure the speed of light from thei 0ldti7 gj 4.bgb6)m sc*kr3b Sun to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are travek+b,g)yvs ex1lzz5 wsb,g+5fling through space at 0.60 c relative to the Earth. If the ships are headed directly toward each other, what is their approach vv5)xb+ ,s15k bfglwygzesz,+elocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed of rcvu+gvv / (*7vz 0 0ip+oxlcl0.80c. How fast would light travel from the headlights ofl vvvx+lu +g/07rpi*o 0zvc c( the ship relative to a stationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the )d4zv0vp t)ool .br9oEarth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative )r pdo0o.l4) tb9vozv to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0fcfuwk1fr 375.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile meafw rkc 5f3uf17sured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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