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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity

 作者: physics   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no windows, radios, or a: :4 txt3y 6op3w wg 6uo-tmhu6hiyj6other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. x:po34hwjot : utiam6h-6guy yt63w6 You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment was designed to mbo:z ivpkjwy(nt5-wpgn2 55f 1mnhsu .14- cneasure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded fr1z( )fhy trvr+/y*/vskdd vx;om the results of their experiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if you use6 x7:k l8ejn ce)syis9 the following components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity prin./b xl/ce ju1gciple.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable pz6a7 i-ww4-bahj6 cbassumptions of Galilean-Newtonian relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special relaqf11guffsd8/r)q k d3 my6rs3tivity

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in ftif9t0qd ( hl077 kpn+*huezcormulating the special theory of relativity was that ph0e*9hnldz0 7c +7qk(tif ut the laws of physics are the same in reference frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulq ufln 16qqg 1e3w50nbate of special relativity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulas i7f1 n0s0xjbte of special relativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measuredzr5pt ;uhn zm a)51;x your pulse rate while in a spaceship moving away from the Sun at a speed close to the speed of light, you wou 5n dz5hramt1;uxp ;)zld find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary obseeghm o1,) k+o/v annt5lx/cc:rver, a moving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is defined 2 0s1 gakfd hosu8wz;,as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship traveling at a verp 6ua u*9ycb,qktvrok2i5 z4nf kq/ :lp+c5;sy high speed to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin iq2piuofa,:k4v ycsnz/ qt6cbk *5k5;r pul9+s

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, aahn2q+6.xs 9j q5uz*oxh+ow u moving object

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction para nz- g*;yeph/ctldo b 9zn095jtqf66lllel to its length with a velocity that approaches the velo ectbnt d965y-fq 0ohln9*zjzp6/ ;lgcity of light. The width of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction*pf+*rc9azp h8xusw8 parallel to its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The length of this 8rcfha**u+pzs 9w8 px object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the mass of the pa(/zkomi4a lpv)fh3 ldjnz 13ecf)* m+rticll3/a hz3e+)4) plnz cim(fdfkjv1 o*me

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a parti a)oib:l k+n dtr4.w)tcle approaches the speed of light, the momentum of the partin wrb))tldo+t4 ai.:kcle

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high speed. As it passes,m(m yc5qpil dg*rso-/4s sac,jwz( 2 ) you measure its length at one-hy,*ioa mm(c)cjqg( s4 s/ 5r-wdslzp2alf its normal length. From this measurement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic enec uw:yzio+v lgmp uq)/n)-sx nu8:lx,u3s . +krgy of a speedy proton when its relativistic mass do).kigx-luqwuc,xnso/:u8 v 3)un mys:p+zl + ubles?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic energy of a speedy proton when its 4d0fj oftl5m 8ch. ah9/pw kdbj 5/7dnrelativistic mass doubles58bd 50a j9 njckowhmfpd7d f /.4t/lh?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle of massk0 x5fdkv i-m. $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0.50c in a straight lin*6nak )r5tyy g: -louee. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science ot)5 6e -y*nakyrg:ul officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depends on the observer's frame of33 ywsrvbed-t3 /3ynu reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your sk, uf)ju)e h( 55yrrh(npbmbil7 .u:cpaceship increases, you would observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s 7 wh z 4f(:urgiw/cmg gtkt3wc0o(/8tin still water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?7z ti m/hgg40t:fk3r( w ocu(/ t8wcgw

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in 756iar.nt+ izc f5qn9de:qtxstill water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowinnc5 irtq .57taqzed f+ni:6x9g at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in sti jz7i innd2d d6 ;2a/(k/hnchell water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is headingiejan (dn 2;//hddck6h7i zn2 straight across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is to be obse ;)vb,c.4 u45ijr lyfgg cqg)prved by a stationary observer as runn4cgiu; .blv,g r c)f)5gp 4jyqing at one-half its normal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a planet and returns in4v ,nvo1h.akchc-bj1 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the hk1.ch vj,4-aoc1vbn spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Coum55d/ t2/3huwbmsjfyrtney, are initially 10 years old. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship whi fdj/stm5hm /b5 3y2uwch travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a s h7k4b(k 1okwt*h l3fspace trip with a speed of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what h 3(7k sh4kolw1fkb*t is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is mov2a u*-h3ibc rting toward you with a speed of 0.80c. What is its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to movd 7 jrwdk rocd4w7n*u+4*sp+a e to contract to half of its proper length (as observed by a*kdwur p*j sd7 7ca+ 4dn+wro4 stationary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it zqvz iie(u1*/is at rest. If the spaceship travels by you with a speedzv /1iq ize(*u of 0.70c, what length does it appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centaujoj osl6 fiy0y1(e68 +/o-m nrbple r7ri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the E oib on168(y0p6lm /el-rfsjj 7y+reoarth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light yvh,ah- -o gr5years away. A spaceship wi ,vo5 h-g-ayhrth a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, dg 97pf6o(5 : iox- o3yq psvsof+f7bawhich is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c rs3dfiog+57:ovp (7qo xf o9 6y psbf-aelative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What is its mass? (uc- +ds(: b zy:ksb5gvThe rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if its mass is twice its rest mwndw*/65(iiq kc+o dgm0d j m*ass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your 65ddmop:/frc 38qsq d spaceship goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your mass will indqrc 5f:mpd /od s368qcrease by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum id drrz8m6lyf;:f2 6ha n $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an element sao o.w pap1: tiys2qu-x::5xloses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released i0yhj*d2 5rsx0on 3 blvf 2.0 kg of material was lost during a reaction?d 05rolys xvj3bn *h02

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalent to two kilograa1k n ke+cw.-wdpg mc, 78(lly8,uf oam of mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 people, help j,.+nt q4m;2d-pckikbcu q o9ing to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 ton9 dkp4qmq+n,. kj o2buitc- ;cs of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of it ,f8, t1 xbqq-b 8rjxc:gx+xbm:omtn2s total energy. What is the speed of thq xt crq of8,b+2bbg:x,mj1x:8- mxnte proton?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. Whattq4k sks18/o4snkw r9g4lz) w is the momentum in w4 klw ts84qzs94nrks g 1/)ko$kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeV) 1dvrm-r 16bct. u a3drduring a reaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost during a reactkmc v4 y c9uuzj)1,bb8r 2.hiuion in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an elec7uf(a s-qpo mnl l51ly 4qb;e2tron moving with a speed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy v n *gm7ghq:0bare required to accelerate one kilogram of mass from rest to a velocmq0vn:hgg*7 bity of 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, 4e .cx37br jyk$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. By what factor has its 9e/pi gvr170nos rea+ g-zd5lmass increased with respect to its restg9g5 /npav rz+0r17ls-dioe e mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling awa 5 nnsynlbh w40 4,jh8yf,r/hge)s e+qcw5v5ly from the Sun at 0.95c. You measure the speed of light fy /5g+nhe5j 5ls y)04bcsnnr4qwevh, lhw ,8from the Sun to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through spaceh:9o /y2e aj0dvzt3 rn at 0.60 c relative to the Earth. If the ships are headed d ze2a3jondry9h/vt0:irectly toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with aiu dz (/y,acj o/wmg2. speed of 0.80c. How fast would light travel from the headlights of the ship relative to a stjc(d/i go, a.zy wu/m2ationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship t8 tu9:te 1 tq qi3hnqr(jvuk//hen fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earthteq:/ hiqku u1 t tv38q(n9jr/ if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceshcy(2y6a vtg-uip then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relatga u6(- vc2tyyive to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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