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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity

 作者: physics   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no windows, radios, or other meanr:suem 3-(qsfs for you to observe or measure what is outsi(f3: smu-qes rde. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley expehmde6hc;( yi2riment was designed to measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley conclv9cv.-i gllrb7i; am0ti;c1 p l8ax d3uded from the results of their experiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if you y02iz-0jh 8h p*gos kuuse the following components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity principle/7j nzshamx4 2n fm1k7.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assumptiondjb q 2vd(jvari*3l6 9s of Galilean-Newtonian relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special rvx hjthqyq7 *468w lp;elativity

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating the special theory of vc m* jc15h 9p+j:e(kiiwp,kj relativity was that the laws of physics are the same in referenh jckie(kj cwp1v:9,5 i*mj+pce frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postuln-4y9xmh s5l7s9nhtv3)xf p5r 0-i) lx ljgho ate of special relativity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulate of special re 6f/bm 1tgxpo2,uq pv2h;qel9lativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate while in a /laip0e 2jyv(k3 4(bi ojacx+spaceship moving away from the Sun at a speedpila+j av/(e2bj0 xko43(iyc close to the speed of light, you would find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, .ytpw ,r-a.m ia moving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is defin9vk i. llzic l,cjog0- )jbg(g9g2;e hed as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship traveling at a vl c9w7ds yu:,o9i+6wrwy ha6very high speed to a distant star and back u 9ww6s:rvhl+w6,9o d 7iyac yagain, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a moving object x3z/le5thz6y(zeu h6

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a 3q lro2k)g1av direction parallel to its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The width of this object, as measured by a stationary obsg3k)v 2o rqla1erver,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its b1-,jd/vav gmu c: hm)length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The-,m1ajm: /vv cbd ug)h length of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the massc):nq oy,scft 0v(u)x of the partic(vy x)sq ufo)t: ,c0cnle

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of ) ela. 0z8atxvlight, the momentum of the particleta a0z 8v)el.x

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high speed. As it passn i f,n8v1sy kbd7q47)row eg9es, you measure its length at one-half its normal length. From this measurement, y 8kwsvnr 4odqg)ebi f y,n7197ou conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a speedy proton when its relativisn 8r rsxkya5ac-k5a ;(tic mass doublk;-s 5 kaar5rx(can8y es?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total;wyzftt t; s.6lijp.96 bc*ld relativistic energy of a speedy proton when its relativistic mass doubll 9 z. dtibj.6t l*ct;y;6swpfes?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle o.kkoyo5v9r6 j aybs b 9mm(3:ff mass $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0.50c in a straight line. Ship Ao(h9 2 jierc7c is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. Thec27 crho9e (ji science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depends on the observer's ,na, b*;v ;*shoi aofsframe of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spac0vv qya65 u1 )yqvkucj*k-v-r)d 3ylteship increases, you would observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With,l;oria s+h;i what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boa l is;;rho+ai,t is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to th 6ow2eu.u,5iet,kj foe shore, df2o e, kt6i5jou.e,wuoes it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/sa-) ,;wsyj*brq/ bkj x in still water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is qb*wa;j-k r,s)/x ybjflowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving( so/c 1gq bl51akqo zgi,7us9 clock travel if it is to be observed by a stationary observ7q,b(u1qi loosg1cg 5 9/ askzer as running at one-half its normal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey hp44 .+ l6itubq2puxl to a planet and returns in 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceship. ip.6 4xpql 2 4ulhtub+If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initially 10 years old. While Coury+2sqpu(e k/fa )-n jrx 2z/futney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed (ynfu )2jxu/f+qep-s z2ka/rof 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin b :ydp+li.)rp9km-ifbrother takes a space trip with a speed of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, wha.p +9lm-d piyf b)ki:rt is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a speed of 0.80c. 4;s;a76 khsu 3dz7daz x uo.mvWhat is its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have tocp/ bfx 39ra9j move to contract to half of its proper length (as ob /pac3fb9x9j rserved by a stationary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at a9c-okca+3n7u3z,x aeo vq/ lrest. If the spaceship travels by you with a speed of 0.70c7-v,3ako l3xuqo cn9cz / ae+a, what length does it appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.8jz fte 8i0b+ ib14uiji dqh2t /wu-288pqbpt30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship traw4t/ui8zq8ub0 fbiq8 e t2p -+8jtj i 2hdbi1pvel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system j ns-j fko3w+:y).f t*.tytay is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time woul.jtt)ys .ay j-+kf*y3 :fwtnod elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solv fwzm- g7.s -34uupxlar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much timu4f zmx--.7ws3vugpl e would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling atl i;n3 r1he;wioo; )sw 0.85c. What is its mass? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if it-qp9m41vvio dm)cr1 u/qjgm(ar1 ,ous mass is twice its rest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your s pw4xya q8ro-*paceship goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your mass will inc*rwo8a4 x-y qprease by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum irc5: :vt gmlka1(2sxcn $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an element ;qyj: xfl4zbxc0 h85a loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 khfd+)v. evh4la p7+mv g of material was lost during a reactimah.e7+vd+ f)lp h v4von?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalent to two 7oa9sliixlan3ct5j39 zkw5 / kilogram of mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 peoplwvgr2t 3ey* x ; b-mqzrn6tr +7j:sc;ge, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy whw+7m2r tq 63gzrtr-jb :*;cvxnseg;y en this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. What is the speed ohapn0q03f i+e7pq ap70jdh.bdd ;c (mf thh0+pph m7d0 fd q3(;a qenpbdcia0j7.e proton?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energyz7)qr)xuabb0yna 3u )i fq3e5 . What is the momentum inyb fu7)5qquxzi)3)a ab3 0enr $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeV) duringj 3o +etmo3lkl2 t qu6*ca*-vr a reaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost during a reaction i5vs.l nu3vn:f )j/c5 . hlvaeqr a9al1n which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy u4,m uzpw,n /oof an electron moving with a speed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required to accelerate one kilogram of mqx3+x:i tft , e);eggjass from rest t+;xqtetj ge,f3 x) :igo a velocity of 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, .)m c hw77 - 1wendv.dbjtto;d$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. By what factor has its*kuv/ j:6vdng mass increased wit k6ngv:v jd*u/h respect to its rest mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun at 0.95c. You measure the spe7xd7dq2 xpfh .ed of light from the Sun thx.7d p q7x2dfo be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space at 0.60 c relative to the .qv,fha 1xne,Earth. If the shxh, a.1f en,qvips are headed directly toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is tra/;l 99s g3g7mcabu zbaveling with a speed of 0.80c. How fast would light travel from the headlights of the ship relativg37 s ;lb9m aagbzuc/9e to a stationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves awaxeaarm1urjyf/avjf n( (fd3v/95,c*y from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speearuj(*j f ,(v/nrxfm3y 5 c/ad1fev9 ad of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spacekbc y6u 1jq1c8ship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the scqkbj6 yc1u 81paceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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总分:61分 及格:36.6分 时间:不限时
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