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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity

 作者: physics   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no windows, radi9qi1qr v; yoo;os, or other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving atqooivyr;9 1q; constant velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment was designed to measure*v3 1gnkpa pc/1qi/r p

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the results of their experiment :e,:t.2se (vtl an) dn/ofborthat

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if2tb24v p1bz 6r3xyug q you use the following components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity principle.d1l uka xtzh04*1ms2r
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assumptions of Galgek-a )mb5:*b cs4;auilc m.ce*3m x(mov d 4hilean-Newtonian relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of speciab h3wv70 +z 07lbhmmvol relativity

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating the special theory of rel)y f9;h,bs p7zcbj gm2ativity was that the laws of physics 9bs ;7zhb2mgc)fyp j, are the same in reference frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate ofo ) d::p0bv2vct cs1edwz;nx: special relativity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulate sbpbhd0 k0k6;jbxp 0su5kj/0 of special relativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pu5 1 qpvkkfd 5s/y4iox7pe31af lse rate while in a spaceship moving away from the Sun at a speed close to the speed of light, you would find that a dkks5ff/o3 v1qe7i5 p 4yx1pit was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a moving clock4 w *49aqr96wtn pwnps6oztj )

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is dj,xap 1xj2rhku3y9 n; 8ji; cgefined as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship traveling at a veryi11x pxs cn8v- high speed to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that rcsi1 p1x- nxv8emained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a mov68pvgvcn9t p+zlc* ;ryuo7 .w ing object

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a velocity thi s,dqz7(my9ck svcx5:s. lm4at approachevml(zmq5y, :c7skd 49.ic ssx s the velocity of light. The width of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction paralgr o+ aq8suh+yhsu /w5+f)ei 7lel to its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The l 8hg7i yusoqa+h sufrwe+5/ )+ength of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the maw/7din6qdk /.ocn mfr9/t eh ,ss of the partic7,9./k chwf int o6edmqd/r n/le

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approachup3(xpi16 k8 n9cls phes the speed of light, the momentum of the particlk13pph(l 89x6 snu ipce

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high speed. As it passes, you measure itspjzaunoc8. pc2 ;)b 75fkg4ja length at one-halo. 5n4u8kj p )fpjaa7c2;cbzgf its normal length. From this measurement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetiswar )ndq+b,p g8rl +x1 v1w8yc energy of a speedy proton when its relativistic mass d v ,81pra)nbsqwyrwg + 8x1dl+oubles?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic energy of a speedy pro; miog;7k jd8rton when its relativio ;i7gjk8rd ;mstic mass doubles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle of mass m+l*x7st5t ek f1x1in $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0.50r*y 4-f pvku p, c,4t2qapxm(sc in a straight line. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on eqrv um s 2t,4,*-cf4pxp(y apkach ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depends on the observer's fram ulc+i9c p*erg f fn3,xcft59 jhpg4+)e of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceship increases, y b1gfg 80jvap)o ;.u7juhc)ttou would observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, eh ,u:6.jd.y qw(sq odrelative to the shore, does it move in aq.we:ush ( q,d. 6jdoy river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in;8vy9wds lvrc.3io *p still water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstreamvvd.*r is;w l9yc8po 3?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still96 y26 d*8 6txlppk9bsep.wsy +waxwo water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the bowyx9 lk6xpps dsw.+o *wa e98b26t yp6at is heading straight across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is to be observed by a stationara.jh6 4 s .6qakha9qljf)+b viy observer as running at one-half its normal ratq +fq.)hvjaai s4ljb69. 6ahke?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstf my78* 9ihbpt;+ d g;*ijmqeqop journey to a planet and returns in 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of ;qmt8y7ei g* h fi*mj bp;q9+dthe spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Court:s ma,+rcbvn ma h9, r7ux;7xmney, are initially 10 years old. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by xxshvr a;brcumn97m m:,a 7,+Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space tri) x hj3h08j *cilvwj9vp with a speed of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon retu*j0i vh)cjhlx 398 jwvrning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a speed of 0.80c. u0b:m/ xcq11n5x+c c4 f x5aksubbp 3u What is its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move tolt8ha2 tv.rhb2rfa) g*p ux(4 contract to half of its proper length (as obsf8x a (br2 prtg u).4lhha*v2terved by a stationary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at rest. If the spaceskq:y), xkicz yd-09wqhip travels by you with a speed of 0.70c, what length does it appear to yo:qxw)d qy,yk0z ki-c9 u?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 yhm2 paf9/ a(itlc-n5 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space s ta a 59(mil/ypnhc-f2hip travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our sol;hvnlc m6g5 g7ar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the stal;cn5hm v 7gg6r. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is hc-aiaw*v)s:11+z r9dgw diu 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a conu1adsh9 wa)r w:-ci v* id+1zgstant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0 ) p,utwllf03w7xy38q6ifod s.85c. What is its mass? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if its masm/pzzq .:2j m(pp-)(aguqz mj s is twice its rest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your mass willak-) ,*et;oa yy thx4f iofk, ;*t xaay4ht- )eyncrease by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum cvc*k h6h-w;k in $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an element losesr d;(pz/l+www $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be rec,slx5 coh 4r7leased if 2.0 kg of material was lost during a reactionrx ,4oh7csl5c?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalent topsx 3s 8f: v/fwj*rsi+ two kilogram of mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000*d4isy1 p+jx 3sp 0ec i7ai;bu people, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. yupsb*0jii17e 3 ;di xsc4ap+ How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. Wm: an/x f29gm(wx wd9what is the speed of the prot9 g(x2a9dwwn/mxwmf : on?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy.rls.n 4; k(1gg.pqgub What is the momentum;pqbr4(g .g1unk. s lg in $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is releae+b dt gn8j/: gh dm-4nnw-;losed (in MeV) during a reaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost d0f1c355w-jrus h ffrjuring a reaction in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an electron moving with an c+p./qdy4j d speed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required to accelerac ry(8)l/hqyv te one kilogram of mass from rest to a velocity o8ry/yl)hq( vcf 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, epk*jm55h c( ;p v0aql$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated throu l ,6 /*9becdl i/ux(f-sbbqjkgh 100 kV. By what factor has its mass increased with respect to its rest mass?6 qbbskd9lj*lb /e ,-(icfxu/

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun at 0.95c.z-*n ()xcgpkqxl7 sb6xzz:g: You measure the speed of light from the Sunl gz(x* kgz)6cx :-xn7:zspb q to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through spaar7k.31qw a.,2aq/ qr s qdb rjc0)apoce at 0.60 c relative to the Earth. If the ships are headed directly toward each other, what is thep)aarjqcsra7w ,k qr1b3/ a2o0.dqq. ir approach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed of 0.80c. How fast would lp(v -c ca8z4reight travel from the headlights of the sh r8z(cecv 4ap-ip relative to a stationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The g0stij:1d -jaspaceship then fires a missildi 1- g0sj:atje with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship thenwch d ,ni-6a,7oz qp+ vc- dyqx.7mr7a fires m -.pqh67vx7a,-qr 7,od y+dicn cz awa missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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