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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity

 作者: physics   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no windows, +yi; 2 6ug31dvgi4c l6j*jviuxb 5ocgradios, or other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to deteiuvx32l6 gi yb dcc ;g+gjiov1*6j5 u4rmine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morleyq+3:rxuys6j z nl*b r6 experiment was designed to measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the results o ;ntl*zu 1*uujf their experiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if you use the following compk5xrof-j7.tc 3/fukta5/ kvw onents:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity prc1 uh./yl7q9 yd2 nols-sjeh.inciple.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable a0j:m2uok) d9 yleg orb(*88ceub lai3ssumptions of Galilean-Newtonian relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special revna* w3a5yjr847sovs lativity

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulatingcj 3xu ;rr4 y2w9wgcj9 the special theory of relativity was that the laws of physics arer9c gy2xc3juj 49w;wr the same in reference frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulan+ 7xo1x1eeb0 kk g8ou2z8co wte of special relativity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulate qdfv6wu:3+k k of special relativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate whilem5 utbt2ai x96 in a spaceship moving away from the Sun at a speed axi5b u9 2mtt6close to the speed of light, you would find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observefvg dak ;1y06hr, a moving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is defined as tx +w*h4+mk oh)1 .y,cs *l-dbqkaysr$\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship traveling at a very high speednf/(f7kr8y . m w5z+ *ekstjid to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Ea7n (jrz*i/m+ t 8.fdkk5s ywefrth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary obp6v ;ru,-5bqjgfsa + sjzj.,+:ruqvn server, a moving object

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel 2yq)7rzo9 u k)yv p-gvvni31kto its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The width of this object, as measured by a stationary o u9gnrqo v1vvy)-k)k2z37 iypbserver,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel trv0 3k+: 0v;zqq iocv07vhnbmo its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity z+nq cqvvbvim07v:rhk o0; 03of light. The length of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the9 fh1ugfhm y1 /zip(c+ mass of the partic19c/gh um1z+i(yfph fle

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches theghpqvw2-xsu re/:v6 lit 8+a6 speed of light, the momentum of the particle8htlvx6av -6wu+q se/i :g2pr

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high speed. As it paj -n)8if0 zmarl3a2. mjb;4x9 wtazirsses, you measure its length at one-half itm ajzl9ix 4jn;rti2b .a80af-r)wm3 z s normal length. From this measurement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a speedy proton when its relativistic w,2bmv5 r o.3s8ennghmass doubl5n .3o sgnhmw ebv2r,8es?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic energy of a speedy proton when its relaxznz9u; u0.uativistic ma .zn9auu;0uzxss doubles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle of masmemdnpf 5 7jsbsi 1y,* 1o63fls $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships,ftc7:. e 00ynd*empjp each traveling at 0.50c in a straight line. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What f0eppy0j: endm7ct.* do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following dfrdh fos:-g2 (epends on the observer's frame of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of yourie v5z4vmz 3ig ;3h,a(fo.hga spaceship increases, you would observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to too-nhb5s) ;77ionlct y0iwm -he shore,c w-n);bh yio-7s7 ooi tl5mn0 does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, rw2magt60kcor v62 p61ugy21tqul / ks elative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the/ 221 qwu0ar6gvuomlg2 cy 1stpkt6 6k boat is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With whawd bsndtqb 3):x8z). ft speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight ac w.b38fdnt)qdx:s z) bross the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock traknx u tg l5-(0k9 z3orpbu;k*fvel if it is to be observed by a stationary observer as running at nr9p05-gku fkkxl(z*tou3 b; one-half its normal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a planet and return;j tv tj0ncy4-s in 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsentjvy40j-c t; d on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initially 10 yearsb,/o,oe* gguxm :a,d.bey3et old. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Cou,egbtbd3u e me*,,ogy xa/ o.:rtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother tatis 2sf/+.fuw. e +extkes a space trip with a speed of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his owns++sttu.xw2 /fi. fe e age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving towsk r*7it9ppk :*uib)p ard you with a speed of 0.80c. What is its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to contract to half of5 mvi*gcj8a,n its proper length (as observed by a stationary j5*c 8nv m,igaobject)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship it:3 8*7 xn mnd7ejcspbs 10 m when it is at rest. If the spaceship travels by you with a speed of 0.70c, what n nsj 8mcd3b e*7:t7pxlength does it appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is6x bwbq9658l 7fvbnmj 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative tbvj fb6mbwx l6n7 q589o the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centaurcvand4 )5d*mcds 8b5d5v gqy+ i, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elap*)gcmd55s+4 c dv8 dvn ya5dqbse on a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 +z f+ 6qb aul6nsw (vbx*)-mellight years away. A spaceship wllf 6bnubw*v(+e6)zxs -qa m+ith a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What is its mass? :skujnd p:8 t0(The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if ity(hrm2k l2pezp):x )ys mass is twice its rest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes from 0.3 c o :zconk5wh2w9fuq51-(neb tcam8: h to 0.6 c, then your mass will inu: on(9a5nwkt fcbo5mc 8ezq1hh- w:2crease by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum iiol avy(i .+h6/jv5hht nb ,6un $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, a +ve;edlab* 8mn element loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released i73yrizs7a ou./l)eq s f 2.0 kg of material was lost during a reactiyo3 u7.zs ie7)alqrs/on?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalent to two kilogram of ma,9wy. gtaav l18c ovcq aw*(m/ss at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was droppegn:te; j6ay p4d on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that jnet py;6ag:4 of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. pkep8 zjrc,* uxxmtccbj0y) uv p8 09 ,6cpn30 What is the speed of the pk*tc, 0x u jb3ccupppyc08 ,jm98np06xe)zvrroton?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton isl- f6+ sxo vpbd7qebtf+dozh,3 gl 1;) 80% of its total energy. What is the momentum +; z,ft1oq- 7db )xvel3 6blghspof+din $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in3iq74 0sy.z mruxz(y w MeV) during a reaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost during a reaction in whir-; x57idr(bn ad b,xkch $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an electron moving wiqf)m .q46.i fpu-mmol z.flm 3th a speed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required to accelerate one kilogram of mass c )6w/snobab1from rest to a velocity c) ow6/ba nb1sof 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, xox xa(:f8b(d5m db2e$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. By what factor hp:vh c7fqzs*:j 7 :msxas its mass increased with respect to its rejsfv s77mc*pq :::hxzst mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away f)j))g3 ) ycxyvzh26 pk6oavlp rom the Sun at 0.95c. You measure the speed of light az6 y2)k vvh) lpy c3x)p)gj6ofrom the Sun to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space at 0.60 c g7a fr2sli nx .9*ib4yrelative to the Earth. If the ships are headed directly toward each oth l 2ngfs.b9*yra74x iier, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveir+1p ; m*rn o9wupa-bling with a speed of 0.80c. How fast would light travel from the headlights of the ship relative to a stationary obs9+pwm1- bu ;rrno*a pierver?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves awa +rq;qn )w,44obk s0 aon*ot.ez0cjahy from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observ,+ qqz0)wa .*jk0boe;a4nrcono 4sht ers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. Thfvbv+8 f ic e6e,dz+e7gb(fn0e spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spacefb,6e(veg i08bncfd 7+ ez vf+ship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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总分:61分 及格:36.6分 时间:不限时
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