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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity

 作者: physics   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has d1iiz.xiq:wxd w.9j w7g2uf3 no windows, radios, or other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or mox ixzfu17.j:d9ig.2 di q3wwwving at constant velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment was desig6;5a yu5,kcs 0c 8s:v7dc gqvkposxz8ned to measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded fromx xdo15 ybuj+b+rgq -* the results of their experiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if ymvi3gr..;j0c1s t7 rqa6e ab uou use the following components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity princxm4ka 7;:kapxf; dd(siple.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assumptions of Galilean-N .*o66)d3xijiaekdi 7y qe2urewtonian relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special relativit tdw8otp2: 7uty

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating the special theory of re/ i9 .sz s .*ugl0hjigt+qmzh)lativity was that the laws of physics are the same in reference frames tha i j)gqhm..*itl +s /u0hgsz9zt

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate of special relativit6wnppc) kibs/( ucy +bwl5 :3hy.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postula*pr z.v 4e7z/jze1loe te of special relativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate while in a spaceship movin1xx3 gnfct9t/ g away from the Sun at a speed close to the spee x9ftn1 x/3gctd of light, you would find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer,metkg a9)h w*x:vd/sw(7ohz ( a moving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is defineda3yo743pzy t z as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin tak7bkcsu h w25l4)7yz ghes a ride in a space ship traveling at a very high speed to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twinbhh5gwus lz) 74c7k y2 that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a moving objecga 1bpeljy-5huv t4./ t

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its leng,zi-m :2 lumusth with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The width of this object, as measured by a stsu:mlu,2zi m- ationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with amv tv+1pw -pu62 icxhv-ay u)i8f*j1 t velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The length of this object, as measurew1ypv j cv28)p utm-avih1+-6ut i*fxd by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches g qz rab*wh 5fu+.cy+:wg-4 fnthe speed of light, the mass of the partic+cnguyg5w:4a rh+bq. *w fz-fle

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle kq (ihsbe ,;ws/,-vqe approaches the speed of light, the momentum of the paq( e qb,; s/ek,shwv-irticle

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very((84mu1wx *rexgzhak high speed. As it passes, you measure its length at one-half its (4hx8(k 1 urmzgwaxe*normal length. From this measurement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the k 85mkln1h) 9ggyl-f jyinetic energy of a speedy proton when its relativistic mass doubl 9jl5mkyf1)gyl n8g-hes?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic energy of a speedy proto raybc zc8oxrv*(g9,wb6v y ;6n when its relatigarb(yrccwo;v698x b z6, yv *vistic mass doubles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle of ma67za8 biq u4j4zhar :zss $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0.50c in a straight +4t6wc5qsh+a1/nhqdz w il 04tz+bpcline. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming frhi+c a4z /c6p1hd nt 5s04+wtzqqbl+wom the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the followi (xok1tyhb0m3 ng depends on the observer's frame of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceship iqjnp 5+v()n-, -v3n q.hbvpg/vzrxzdncreases, you would observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. Wv ijknpkp: 0uz2v51fljhq0s g2, z 46jith what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?p j00vsig z5j4,pj2 :k6h12nqzkf lvu

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to the 2q5ar :1lpt,oo6l fv6hppq) ishore, does it move in a river that r t1 oa:) i6l q,phlfpv5qp6o2is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still wa)crnv(rq5gxj7m 0p,ac r;d c4ter. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight a5;pdc, ( jnrcqgcr ar7mv0)4xcross the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is to be observed by a stmbu 166nm9: guzpw6uhw0nf - j yo/yz6hpq21tationary observer as running at one-half its normal w uymbzo y 6 npug2- h1:j 1q06n9w/phufmzt66rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a planet and returns in mn yv-zp4m:o;lfgphgq 6/0zd q.j/l :10 hours according to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.:mgz d4 mgh-p:;v6. jq plnqo0/yz f/l80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Coubi5 4/oa -c4yk2jjg grrtney, are initially 10 years old. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a spaceg4jk5ig rab2j-o/c y4 ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother tafnoxb.+n2fl : kes a space trip with a speed of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and thxlnf+nof 2b .:e age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a spee:.heo 8xsj n6dgr,+axd of 0.80c. What is its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to contract to half of its proper la.v i7v ecop,nml7h3y4.w7 tk(d2 vrlength (as observed by a s77. li7.pv2(akowdmh c yr3 lvt,e4nv tationary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at resb 1bvuq8ay2ow4/ go9bt. If the spaceship travels by you with a speed of 0.7b/yq9o14w gab2 v uo8b0c, what length does it appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 li fk62 7geo,vhdivd- r5ght years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels to2vv75-fodgrk ,ihd e 6ward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar systejzh y4jq-ls58m is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on4-syjhlz 8qj5 board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light ylm4o;d7j s*+c4k7vz mlvgtk 3 ears away. A spaceship withvc lsg 3md jk*7vk+;otzl 744m a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. W4w hm ejz41x5o3cq 5fehat is its mass? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a /ud8h i 40* 7eui,si xhhuv-jyproton if its mass is twice its rest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, t2k-l g nii3; i5unxfl2hen your mass will inci2i2f ilkxu g5nnl3-;rease by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum ip :(h3ge48fxzt, /g/ilpc aoin $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an ele1 kwqwg;,u5 yc myrn7p (es2+k;zcn9xment loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be releatbnwx40v;85 f s (tuzpsed if 2.0 kg of material was lost during a reaction0btf8 tw xps4(u5nz ;v?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalent to two kil1dbtfd1gw)7s (0wkd wogram of mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropl)cw zjz0s 4)s ovi s).s+kee:ped on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to ener)k4oc sez.i zs0ws))+s:vj legy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. Whw3 3u+fvvz ii.at is the speed of the protonw33vuf+i iz v.?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% )1vcfg8vre j. je -jx0of its total energy. What is the momentum ijr1j exf jc0v8.e-gv) n $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in Me9zjs(w si6*s 0cf brs9V) during a reaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost during a rm2w5y(sdrxp79i34 hgay r 5uieaction in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an electron movtpf:+:c gd yf1ing with a speed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required to accelerate one kilzi uy-x*vmuxybtjb9(-j 6f-+ ogram of mass from rest to a velocit *fujz-yy96b -b u jxx+mv-(ity of 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, n*o2*/wkf y0 w) ;q5hgpecz at$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated through yg *q q/aq z n6o:1xhe1cc),vuna)o8q100 kV. By what factor has its mass increased with rea,u)q* yq)o8xqn6g h c:c /qovaez11nspect to its rest mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun at 0.95c. You measu))ugyw;dy cwh;y .o 2x9ed6jgre the speed of ligwyd)gj2;;6 xeyyg o) dh.cu9wht from the Sun to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space at 0.60 c relative to9r7h7busm w/ +i.9kr ifbg;rvc7s;fp the Earth. If the ships are headed directly toward each other, what is th 9wpf 77bi;rs/i f r+rh7gu c.ksbm9;veir approach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed of 0.80c. How fast (i /x caf4g4 obez9sx/2spn2uwould light travelp 49o2cgbxe issa/( zn u4x2/f from the headlights of the ship relative to a stationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speedbh+e(w dhj2:zuhhm7)xz 7 b5y of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is firedbh+7bhx2 )e h 5 dzwzj(7yhm:u away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth wi 3 otes:vk-:kzth a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by obseskekozv3 : :t-rvers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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总分:61分 及格:36.6分 时间:不限时
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