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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity

 作者: physics   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no windows, radios, or other mean8-( diogvg bh(s for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What sh((8g oib g-hdvould you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley expes* +t x xldobehj0:hm )yjv88*f7:0 gs+lk jitriment was designed to measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the results of theirdsel y7 4j2wvfy /ip7) experiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interfduqxsf -;e 3c3erometer yourself if you use the following components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity p0ubxmve)2 jg 0rinciple.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assumptions of Galil- c orhjhj491g9ex:7 lp 9f3 izng2cxgean-Newtonian relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special relativity iolwyd xozo-v398e+m4+ow z7

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formul ;,xhafz. zng,ating the special theory of relativity was that the laws of physics arez,ha.n ,f;g xz the same in reference frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate of specia lx(ir3d/qxs9 l relativity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulate of special relativ 7/wqu;(gyys mb d)0fnity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate while in a spaceship moving y f ec ig1gm5 aob)*)hbd18iy,away from the Sun atda me)1hg c fbgyi) 1*,8i5yob a speed close to the speed of light, you would find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationh;,a x9a o v5ev21eqrzary observer, a moving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is defined p 9,2novswrp-ef /fh( as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship traveling at a very high sprc8/wuy ++i 6yiqei-teed to a distant star and back againu6irqiyiw/-c + e+t8y , while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a moving obje wtnsqfp 9.16sct

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction paralleny jb6jy6kczt/1nq4k2+j 2bg l to its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The width of this object, as measured by a stationarkzcn 6tyjbj k6j24yg1 n/bq 2+y observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a velod9oy3g9r4 3stlfv 8ihwqq4(q city that approaches the8oq dhw iq f9 sq94t3rly3v(g4 velocity of light. The length of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed o/f8: .fgzbzqv f light, the mass of the particl8g/f:v. fzbqze

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle alwh l9o5jvs3jh5a; s3 pproaches the speed of light, the momentum of the parw9 ovlsa j5j hl3s3;h5ticle

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high speed. As it passes, you measure h b1pp,p 6d i0u:esbjy:t1d1pits length at one-h 0ib: 1 ppe1uh6,tbp yp1jsd:dalf its normal length. From this measurement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a ) sd/g qun-d+7ebc5bdspeedy proton when its relativistic mass dougb-dqncb 57 de+)s u/dbles?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic energy of a speedy wddbe 5a -r jy9b,4y 30ecauh9proton when its relativistic mass douu5jya a-hbddr 9b y ec93,w0e4bles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle of mass)1jd1n2 arxu).yebql $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0.50c in a straioma1c:,c py a;;v dc:ubr(fq76)d i.i e/itvsght line. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Su do/iy; qc,miu76)1;e( c.afrbp :vvas:dticn. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depends 62dq7ixdc qc4 on the observer's frame of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceshiito(plaa wv4b2v )im ;z 2*-za.vr3gd p increases, you would observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to the shosxj j 4zu3.9urre, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading uj4s9r3 .u jxzupstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0p24ovnq mc(lmv0 b .e, m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does empnl ,0v(bcqv4m2.oit move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to thec9dfz/pql(cc94sw: x b0wzq 6 shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straigh6fz c99( qbw4zdxl 0p:q c/wcst across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is to be observed by a stationattd7 loih.zq lam4+y-.;+oedry observer ;+eoy hz4lm.-7 loq.dt at di+as running at one-half its normal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a planet and returns in 1* usth.pe 0b)w etxa:10 hours according to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of:x1 sup*eh 0w.)etb ta the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, arehy(n0ks m)uemli2;q q(xh j // initially 10 years old. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea )ijxysmq/h;0/u2k(enmq ( lh upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a +.qxo hn+wa) vz1 *f3vi8t2*jlvag iispace trip with a speed of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, whatv* +i1hag)tvl*.wj8 3xz fn viio+q2a is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a speed t: wc2qdrfi1( rxogi2(0o*jitr+ 1bk of 0.80c. What is its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket sl+nbvm ia8- g6hd m4 c7u0xu0zhip have to move to contract to half of its proper length (as observemm4a zxhc bvlg80d+n 70i -uu6d by a stationary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is 8aw ,z.g j9hziat rest. If the spaceship travels by you wia9 ,gz .zj8wihth a speed of 0.70c, what length does it appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centaz1:3vp: ,iucmq ,s ljvuri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a ccsv :i,v,1lz3mjp:qu onstant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Ce dmk jmwwicfmo.5h13n ,g( hnh ;6op/7ntauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spacem dpmj/fm 6 1o,3ck;hh7wwgn io5hn.(ship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alp1re.y3 d;oarbvc v8w/ ha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How mucv/aor8dw r1 .;cbev3yh time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What is its mass? (The rec./ac x.i+d)bg hjf3izbb /c 9h8cu9y st mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if its mass . q2qhfadie:w3ty k++12iiq vis twice its rest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes a1qg j m/g6l:wqpooh*w j g9:,; sgld(from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your mass will i ;gmg d(aog91 golqjwh:w jq:6sl/*, pncrease by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum iv 1;ve1; 1ojs.bwng qdn $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, aurtrb2v:i1l7qii ,,u n element loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be rele1ce e-e+ flibrs o:-k8ased if 2.0 kg of material was lost during a reactic-besle1- o:e if8rk+ on?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalent to two kilogram of mas ji7va), )ogtis at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Navv h2jyrh0v q9;e(8 lagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was h j2(v lhreayq9vv ;08converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its li19n2 *ee lertotal energy. What is the speed of the pr ele*1 e9ir2nloton?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. What5fb 4 kfq3aja+rsaz9z os, ;r1 is the momentum in 5z,fk3qaro rsa js;4+9ab1f z $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeV) during a reacdn:/kf9:b wm mtion in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost durin ,yi- vlow0k mk.sd/lp,cpk0x4k13 zog a reaction in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total eners to+r/e wh)i(gy of an electron moving with a speed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required to acceht7r/cai8m, 7r2i iymlerate one kilogram of mass from rest to ,y ithiramrm787i/ c 2a velocity of 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, ac ei(9 l)bw9j$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. By what factornb22 .w+c6 kv3feds, v+ctndv has its mass increased with respect to itnwv e6.v+tv, d+n 2sfb3 k2dccs rest mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling a y q+ey/mtnc,l3.:lu, qaeb.x3spb *r way from the Sun at 0.95c. You measure the speed of light from the Sunb3.e+. aqes y*pt 3m qny c,xb,:/lulr to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space at 0.60 c relatiub+ be bpx v9 y-03oke6d,kl32xu w,t cide36cve to the Earth. If the ships are headed directly toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a person oou0e k9le ub w-62d 36+e3dxc ,btiyxv3cpk,bn either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is trbpe)xrsm07qy0 1 km9zaveling with a speed of 0.80c. How fast would light travel from the headlights of tq1m r7e xyszmp9b0k)0 he ship relative to a stationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earthg:vxvk8l +m n) with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of n+ vm)g klxv:80.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away 8pxd oktyc.s4 u3 8hb0from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What uys.8kb8poch0d 3x4t is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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