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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity

 作者: physics   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no windows, radios, or other means forhen3 93uedm*go h ;-gg you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity.h9;eg om*eg dhgn3-3u What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment was designed j vv-:) *kwk o6-zjtdgto measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the results of their experiment )za9g( g- 3shb0 soaz/b/ttn k9 mjn.uthat

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if )aaookk8vqy, 975wgj au*)ntyou use the following components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity princ;f.mw i c7:s3bpxe6fhiple.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assumptions of Galilean-Newtonian relativitm. i+iw.bahg1ig 8zna -/:kmx y.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special0c7af b .3 ls1 5r-kpdmcb-cko relativity

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating the speciale 6acfj*hl 6r; theory of relativity was that the laws of physics are the same in reference fr e6acfr;*6hj lames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate of special relativa;d(;e nd*;8dxf w l.lo3nag xity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulate of special relativw o.wi jby;hsm)e1 72fity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse ratmmta n5ve+ k.mp;/7loyy qgole) a+ :5e while in a spaceship moving away from the Sun at t; gav+l:mmqpo )7y /yenm5o.5el+ak a speed close to the speed of light, you would find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationc.wc8/t yj)0yck(y + wjh2r9v bnsb4x ary observer, a moving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is de,.phzqv v4vdjt+)b r.fined as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship traveling at a vt09 mviksfn33q/ ) pnzj+ 1nhqery high speed to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The tw np+ )z 3km 3siqnj1ft0qhv9/nin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observu5wue 6ybv26m er, a moving object

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a velocflrzss0e85g9e6 6 o mfity that approaches the velocity of light. The width of this object, as measured by a staezffger6s95806 ol smtionary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a dirbsycet ;j142 fection parallel to its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The length of this object, as ;1es4by tcfj 2measured by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the mm1hh xguf/)lmyus,( y8 .ja /mass of the particl( h,m8lumx)j 1uh /g yyasf/.me

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the momentum of yh - a6qk8lo6fthe particle fo86ay-q6hlk

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high speed. As it passes, you measure its le)h 1u,kvuj.a yn0*yf) u4objn /gz:vgngth at one-half its normal length. From this measurement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must .)y0: j1znu)k4 gj ,*h gyvubufoa/vnbe

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a;cqsoy(aqh8 0lqb c:09lcqr* ox 3ue ) speedy proton when its relativistic mass doub;socqq h:l9ycer qc0bl)ou*03xaq8( les?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic energy of k; 2w;kk inrn,x(wfntpa: xdo ;7sgu+::e8r ka speedy proton when its relativistx+;w dx7,n rep:kugawik2 kt::kr(8fsno;;nic mass doubles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle of massn4wi r:/ :bdkm zqyf7( $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0.50c in a straight line. Shipq1- yfd kt;;ah A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship ta1yfh q; -dk;B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depends on the observer'ph:i*/pag i sg hi, 4,c7kq6ros frame of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceutvgjrd)8 0;g do*o:wbt5tq2ship increases, you would observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still waterua o sv7)7w (y -2gho:i6st:wmyzofh-. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it mov su vg7 6oyahwo tw:: o)fz-is2hy(7m-e in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.:2y+r6b3 f0 ig a; jwucjy6rjzobn.z+0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s :2n0fbu6z jz;a. iy3+6g+jwrjbyrc oif the boat is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to the + m2;.3jesa) rjnr7ntk:vih5xq3z r t bz+vk2shore, rr7m32+zz:r2+3vnhv tkx); tke n. iq jas5j bdoes it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is t)zp,; lese 1hho be observed by a stationary observer as running at one-half its normal s); e1hl,z heprate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to 2*delv/ag4zia planet and returns in 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much te/v*iaz d g42lime has elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initially 10 years old. While Courtnek 7sohj e3:nd bhz-3i4y remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her res hjin: - 4zhbd7eo3k3turn?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a spa 6zgg,dn(r3 wr: emct*ce trip with a speed of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own ag3rt,g n6g :c( mrdwz*ee and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is movinrz7xtno0md co 7/ma5 0/iakd* au fc7,g toward you with a speed of 0.80c. What is its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to contract to half of its proppj: zci -z9bjy 0xyj-j* 01ee5vnk+l,m ks xe:er lengt*ve-zk,0k:j1xxsb+e nc l9m0j:5zi p jy-jye h (as observed by a stationary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at rest. Irwo7+f3+ bztm0o4; mr x w3iv6:tcy xpf the spaceship travels by you with a speey;b63:txxf0rmo3r p imv zo++wc7tw 4d of 0.70c, what length does it appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar syst,yh0 3cqj/xhuygr7 g;em is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the sta;h3cr uy7j,y hq0/gxgr. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our sokt 5:9bzpnzmz pu+33 ,gb1 dxclar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a cons zc 39km,+5updx zzt:1bbg np3tant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our sopac8h(3 3vazh g-vnw )lar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a (wg chp-h8vnz3)3 ava clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What is itso22mob;x7s vjfzxd-( mass? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if iqx+)za qx4 0 eh:u3 -,+jpj :x/zehgvdtbl:rbts mass is twice its rest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, n s,gzp43 h;5xiz2hw ythen your mass will increa;zi 4pwh5n3z xsg,h2yse by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum in ur:b6 fo kgli3hi7(+ n$kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an element los v8* 5pee (rvlg nxae(o6)v pycgy1k;5es $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would bek-mq4 u*t0v vh released if 2.0 kg of material was lost during a reaction?vtvq*h4 kum0-

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalent to two kilogram of masse 1rz)wv9 epc+ at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped rt- *b- exvt;m1d xt;efr./fjon Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released r rf.jtt-tex-1;;* dx v/bm efenergy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a ztd6t h pmisctb dt1*7u( *glw +-ny6;proton is 80% of its total energy. What is the speed of the ;td1z(n*tpg6cby itdu*76 l -hsmt w+proton?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. What is the 3 -rtxvyv0v( tmomentum it(r3ty vx v-v0n $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeV) during e,0xql2pgzo- a reaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost during a reaction myv(c 4gp wp8age73b ,in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an electroml(4ol 1z hd1armd. gr 88mfn;n moving with a speed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required to accelerate one kilogram of t0tv .omuv3fph nq3*.7sc9dmmass from resc7tu.d vhtp9m*0qf3 m. osnv3 t to a velocity of 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, 6oy z)q zony35$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. By what factor hgrl qc26ca6djap8 t3jao9w 3( as its mass increased with respect to its rest ao9d wcplt2r 3qgj3jaca (6 68mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun atlb5,3q7o4hijrs t6p x kpn*) a y6z2wo 0.95c. You measure the speed of light from th7y3r,nozajhsp*k2 x4 q5lp 6 w6ob)ite Sun to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space at 0.60 c relative to the Earth *0ua mcaugv+lw69 xjbd0-.p0kx ,kme. If the ships are headed directly toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a person on eitheruk+-00g a.ua,9 p xekm0wcl xm6jdb*v craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed of 0.80c. How fast would -yoqb+xt f e09owae3:+rx au8light travel from the headlights of the ship e+ x8ou-oy +9a0w:rb txq3efa relative to a stationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed o 8x13va7bxyo3b9b wwa f 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of th917ab wxabx 8o3wv 3bye missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves awaa: jur s*k5ke8y from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers r:us j8*aek5kon the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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