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习题练习：Physics Unit15: Laws of Thermodynamics
本习题练习试卷来源于51fly国际课程 (https://51fly.win)， 为试卷打印版，您也可以在网站平台(https://mail.51fly.win/)直接 访问本试卷的在线电子版并查看正确答案与解析，搜藏保存任意题目到收藏集。 访问方法: 平台首页左上角"通过试卷号快速访问"输入试卷号 73，并点击直达试卷；或浏览器地址栏内直接输入本试卷链接 https://mail.51fly.win/test73.html  教师使用本平台可以抽题组卷或一键复制他人试卷，布置为在线考试或在线作业，全自动判分成绩一键排序导出，省时省力。
 作者: physics    总分: 71分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 22年08月15日 12:53  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on thkf8w3++k)cxokn op 4 we T-V graph is an


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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isothermal process, there is no chan-1hf jzfv nv;s/aqk) *ge in

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodyna. 4jdayacv38d (-jujht i *y5tyjwi 51mics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isothermal process,

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is expanded to tjn mr8fr3taw+. o7+5s 8 sdtoewice its original volume with no change in its temperature. This process 3ws+ ao7fm5 .88rondje+tstr is

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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed isothermally from 30 L to 20 L. During th4-e 2ytgpa7 nd8nu4jitb8iz8 is process, 6.0 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that compressed the gas. What is the change of intzat j-up gnt2i7i84e48ny8 dbernal energy for this gas?

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed to one-half its origin 8d,we 0bizis- /xbmrd .0wzd0ub+f9e al volume during an isothermal process. Thew md. uxbrzi eb ,+/0d9dwes0bf-0iz 8 final pressure of the gas

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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is expanded isothermally froabg 5ipicuy .(z86mo-m8, ta vm 20 L to 30 L. During this process, 6 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that expanded the gas. Whi(omy tgu a6 8,.pim cbia8vz5-ch of the following statements is correct?

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is quickly compressed in 0b4 edgqjyz2rve:ac m 4-4t6.a8dazoan isolated environment. During the event, the gas exchanged no heat with its surroundings. This process e jt84ar2g4m bc .o0 :-daadz4ye6zqvis

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamidd+* memeu l7fz7x8 z7cs, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an adiabatic process,

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10#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic ideal gas is compressed to one-half its original fq 0;wh+sdc5 82x lb8rs x7onnvolume during an adiabatic process. T8 7cw rb;+xqsx8 2lnsnh0fdo5he final pressure of the gas

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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identic+b ul6sk dyz 6)5lvv6qal in all respects except that one containsbv66vl6qyk 5zl)d u+s $O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater temperature increase?

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of .1: rz hyp51gbg v:salgas identical in all respects except that one containsabs rz 1.g:lgypv51h: $O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater pressure increase?

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV de tjq(5fv8dn *bmt 8o2iagram is an


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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isobaric process, there is noegmc7 8mh:pyi6p lvg68wco* : change in

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynaw9 a 1r(h5bgiamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isobaric process,

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is allowed to expand at co9e7:m5ih2ssn5eegdnk ,o dge .;ku(cnstant pressure as heat is added to it. This processme. gicdn,25 gshdn oeukk; 5e:s9e(7 is

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to a sample of ide jophjkkbp0u* q7p4+;al gas at constant pressure. As a result, the interkh j0kub +jq;ppo*p4 7nal energy of the gas

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV dia(0.k0fwl1 mp 6lb bxbagram is


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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, there is no change/ 2lvzce/ 1lmc in

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermmlj3rx. h 5/c3 f8bxhhi (dbv,odynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isochoric process,

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is confined to a rigid container that cannot expand a:-0ga xjg:smapq9gs*.bw tkm q:c(z ,s heat energy is added gm,: pg.x(:zc bm0sq- kwsg9:aa jq*tto it. This process is

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferre4+oljo 4y jmf/d to a sample of ideal gas at constant volum 4+4ol/jjymfoe. As a result, the internal energy of the gas

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23#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first law of thermodynaf5f v d5-j)o7xfttr 7fmics.
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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a hot reservoir to /pe2rxwqjs mx.i72p9 a cold reservoir?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to tran, 4 sd8hon)bgb-+1)jsspoirisfer heat from a cold reservoir to a hot reservoir?

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26#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second law of thermodynamics according to C zyoj 2w)y: xengxy(()lausius.
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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is taken through the cycle illustrated here. During oncp*jrdk 84au9 e cycle, how much work is done by an engine operating on this c8k jc4u9rpad*ycle?


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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a heat engine is defined4nbu -+iru- d5lhf2md1 8gzle as the ratio of

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the theoretical efficiency of a Carnot engine is to be 100%mkcb 5 6boe:+asel9 f., the heat sink must f9.6aek+ocbs :5l bmebe

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A Carnot cycle consi 17g2,ltmbiozn vmj jzrl+7 6m 4(7clwsts of

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31#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give the Kelvin-Planck statement of the second law of thermodynam/c63s( f8 xu/f cav.dafbbhm,ics.
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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (fz.*i y iy5m8iCOP) of a refrigerator is defined as the ratio of.iyif5m8*i yz

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of perforapo7)x(pi1 n-j bg,mjpgh) 8xmance (COP) of a heat pump is defined as the ratio of

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When water freezes, the entropy of tzle d8)tr,2r0fh c7xj+akd0 nhe water

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  According to the second law of thermodynamics, for 2ixo xq83fg;ar na56i any process that may occur within an isolatx af 3oi a56ingqx2r8;ed system, which one of the choices applies?

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36#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give a general statement of the sec7rym pap uj)hqvqv7(q l(1j*.ond law of thermodynamics.
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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The second law of thermodynamics7f.g1ts o3kqf leads us to conclude that

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 51kc0yr0wzazp* n4 d-q n j8q bf09kng(0yr 9yw.0 J of heat is removed from an ideal gas. What is then qy y8qp(f0cw rb *4-0kygwzzk aj 991r0ndn0 change in internal energy?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is removed from an a e7hr(qirw 7 c6f5*a3d8tyoz ideal gas. What is the work done in the pw 7rtd*i c6 roq8 7(y5aehafz3rocess?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The work done on an ideal gas system in an isothermal process isxg)i 2p7 /f4xotpegs6w+p y-x -400 J. What is the cha4x)y/6 o-+ x7wi f2pgptxpegsnge in internal energy?

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  200 J of work is done in compressing a gas adiabatically. What o sfmxre/,w)f0vtv -/wwu pa.rqz ;;xz 8 *:ysis the change in internal energy of rw s.vzv,;wm0-axos: frw)z x*;e //8 qftyupthe gas?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas undergoes an adiabatic process while doing 2umd77yzj3 y/cwix3 * m5 J of work. What is the change in zui33 /ym*x wdmyjc77internal energy?

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energ y a9ye.oz2eagcl x578y of a system decreases by 50 J. What is t8exz7g2colay a5 9y.e he work done?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energ4z4nex u eue*so.9 9ka-6 cipqy of a system decreases by 50 J. What is th k4s.9ucqxuoe-6e*p nz9a i4 ee heat exchange?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A certain amount of a monatomic gas is maino-.e;f i 5y j+dz2yntttained at constant volume as it is cooled by 50 K. This feat is accomplished by removing 400 J of energy from the gas. How mu.2n ize j-d;yfo+t5tych work is done by the gas?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic gas is cooled by 50 K at constant volume when 831 J lx0k +r 5e*+qr3s vwqu- zrei(of energy is removed from it. How many moles of gas are in the sam0z3x- * e5uw vrrqi(q s+kle+rple?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A system consists of 3.0 kg of water at ln+(e q 5dwuu+(k:laq$80 ^{\circ}C$. 30 J of work is done on the system by stirring with a paddle wheel, while 66 J of heat is removed. What is the change in internal energy of the system?

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine receives 7000 J of -c lx,r+*bias48 zulqheat and loses 3000 J in each cycle. What is the efficienc,sq -lr b8c* uz4+lxaiy?

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and reo8giz7vn3v /l ceives 150 J of heat per cycle. How much 3 voigvzn7/l8 work does it perform in each cycle?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiencwrt g/*37opx (vxm )5f mqobh46 ap.(p x3igtay of 35.0% and receives 150 J of heat per cycle. How much heat does it exhaust in each cyco7 )g/fm*pt3 3w5xb.a4xa6vqgrthpmo ( pi(x le?

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51#
 
  303

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cycle and exhausts 42 m a/g)1l,v11vphitrdiop*n g 3 .bxb*kcal. Calculate the efficiency of each cycleih1*dog*m vl1/)b.nvp3 b1ai, ptgr x.

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs zfni akrepro8yhca sxt 3g/+77( 3m3*64 kcal of heat each cycle and exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate the +o(crkatez 3i3f738x p/ rm ygsn*7h awork done each cycle.

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has thi8pyu;qgsc.xq.un 07 e following characteristicsgi ;y0sp7qucqu.8 xn.: combustion chamber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the actual efficiency of this engine?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the tagpy8jz p 3g1i3,y2h )se7a pfollowing characteristics: combustion chamber temgt27 3eayg,z81 3a) ypppshjiperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the Carnot efficiency of this engine?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the following characteristicw)phc9e y5jky.z.0f pen 1(f*xooc h2 s: combustion chamber epo92ex5c1*n)o.hzcwf jfyph ky0( .temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the power output, in hp, of this engine?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power. The plant usee czc(rwkh** pw9y:6gs $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the overall efficiency of the plant for generating electric power?

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW 3v j-xhrug+ 50u3lyhd rr5iu64w fka7of electric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the Carnot efficiency?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of ele j3h 3t8dn cus w,:91kti9syjnke2n9r ctric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. How much thermal energy is exhausted each day?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the Carnot efficiency of an engine which operates betweqfz-upci ly10.y+4 ejen $450 ^{\circ}K$ and $310 ^{\circ}K$?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the maximum theoretical efficiency possible for 1 x:,bb:qoej crdft6wz42hqc 3th. r; an engine operating between ,oer::b 1 c6 td.tzb qrj2wc;xh 4fh3q$100 ^{\circ}C$ and $400 ^{\circ}C$?

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62#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a Carnot engine is 35xh* zg-om*5inh/wm8iwk ll93 5pqu1bz 5 m;r v.0%. What is the temperature of the cold reservoirb3rn wq55ixz l; 9zk1 5-/hvigl 8*hwm*mmupo if the temperature of the hot reservoir is $500 ^{\circ}K$?

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63#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine operatinocb/ 3 uv7g;zmg between $40 ^{\circ}C$ and $380 ^{\circ}C$ has an efficiency 60% of that of a Carnot engine operating between the same temperatures. If the engine absorbs heat at a rate of 60 kW, at what rate does it exhaust heat?

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64#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from lv*+c6xi 1h u(c/de;lgr ,gwnthe freezing compartment at the rate of 20 kJ and ei6*l ;/d +w,ucvge xcgrlh( 1njects 24 kJ into a room per cycle. How much work is required in each cycle?

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65#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes 0m8rw2 4z;m7jsuy k 6nsvja-kwqyx:0 heat from the freezing compartment at the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycle. What is the coeffy 2w0a-z70 kmjy: kwrm ;sxu68n 4qsvjicient of performance?

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66#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During each cycle of operation, a refrigerator absormex ; etx7u8.nou8804hgixz zbs 230 J of heat from the freezer and expelsgu e8e0;7x.hu nzi zx84t8mox 356 J of heat to the room. How much work input is required in each cycle?

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67#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the change in entropy when 50 g of i:-s ;kzvmsb ap.h (2om+ pc4vfce melt at $0 ^{\circ}C$?

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68#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When 0.50 kg of ice freezes, the change in entrp rch ;fj/3or/opy is

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69#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  1.0 kg of steam at $100 ^{\circ}C$ condenses to water at $100 ^{\circ}C$. What is the change in entropy in the process?

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70#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A container of ideal gas at STP undergoes ac 1l5cnw7(8:6u naejh ap co:z(2cjj pn isothermal expansion and its entropy ch8:ec a( 17pn(5z uo6l jc :jpnachj2cwanges by
3.7 J/e K. How much work does it do?

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71#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A piece of metal at iw ou:k3ds+t-o ,-xcl$80 ^{\circ}C$ is placed in 1.2 L of water at $72 ^{\circ}C$. The system is thermally isolated and reaches a final temperature of $75 ^{\circ}C$. Estimate the approximate change in entropy for this process.

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